Guo Yamei, Li Qijie, Jiang Jin, Cao Yong, Feng Jingda, Chu Hongzuo, Wang Hongwei, Jiao Xuejun
Department of Graduate School, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Centre, Beijing 100094, P.R.China.
Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Centre, Beijing 100094, P.R.China.
Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Oct 25;37(5):903-909. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.201911079.
Cognitive enhancement refers to the technology of enhancing or expanding the cognitive and emotional abilities of people without psychosis based on relevant knowledge of neurobiology. The common methods of cognitive enhancement include transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and cognitive training (CT). tDCS takes effect quickly, with a short effective time, while CT takes longer to work, requiring several weeks of training, with a longer effective time. In recent years, some researchers have begun to use the method of tDCS combined with CT to regulate the cognitive function. This paper will sort out and summarize this topic from five aspects: perception, attention, working memory, decision-making and other cognitive abilities. Finally, the application prospect and challenges of technology are prospected.
认知增强是指基于神经生物学相关知识，增强或扩展无精神疾病人群认知和情感能力的技术。认知增强的常见方法包括经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）和认知训练（CT）。tDCS起效快，有效时间短，而CT起效时间较长，需要数周训练，有效时间也更长。近年来，一些研究人员开始采用tDCS与CT相结合的方法来调节认知功能。本文将从感知、注意力、工作记忆、决策及其他认知能力这五个方面对该主题进行梳理和总结。最后，展望了该技术的应用前景与挑战。
