The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Nursing, Carrington Hall, Campus Box 7460, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States of America.
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Sociology, The Odum Institute, 208 Raleigh St, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States of America.
Eat Behav. 2020 Dec;39:101441. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2020.101441. Epub 2020 Oct 12.
A positive association between food addiction (i.e., an addiction to compulsively overeat highly palatable foods) and body dissatisfaction in college students exists. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Eating expectancies, one's learning history regarding the association between eating and its consequences, may provide potential pathways linking food addiction and body dissatisfaction. In the current study, five eating expectancies (i.e., eating helps manage negative affect, eating is pleasurable and useful as a reward, eating leads to feeling out of control, eating enhances cognitive competence, and eating alleviates boredom) were evaluated as potential mediators between food addiction and body dissatisfaction in 738 college students (mean age = 19.21 ± 1.63, 61.4% female). Students completed the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory, Yale Food Addiction Scale, and Eating Expectancy Inventory. Adjusting for sex, age, race, and body mass index, structural equation modeling was used to examine the bi-directional mediation effects of the eating expectancies between food addiction and body dissatisfaction. Results showed a bi-directional positive association between food addiction and body dissatisfaction (β = 0.12-0.26, standard error [SE] = 0.07-0.03, all p < 0.01) that was partially mediated by the expectancy that eating leads to feeling out of control, regardless of whether body dissatisfaction was included as the independent or dependent variable (β = 0.15-0.36, SE = 0.05-0.02, all p < 0.01). Findings suggest the need to address the influence of expecting eating to lead to feeling out of control in interventions for co-occurring food addiction and body dissatisfaction among college students.
食物成瘾（即对高度美味的食物过度强迫性进食的成瘾）与大学生的身体不满之间存在正相关关系。然而，人们对潜在的机制知之甚少。饮食期望，即一个人关于饮食与其后果之间关联的学习历史，可能为食物成瘾和身体不满之间的联系提供潜在途径。在当前的研究中，五种饮食期望（即，进食有助于控制负面情绪，进食是令人愉悦和有用的奖励，进食会导致失控感，进食增强认知能力，进食缓解无聊感）被评估为 738 名大学生（平均年龄 19.21 ± 1.63，61.4%为女性）中食物成瘾和身体不满之间的潜在中介。学生完成了饮食病理学症状量表、耶鲁食物成瘾量表和饮食期望量表。调整性别、年龄、种族和体重指数后，结构方程模型用于检验饮食期望在食物成瘾和身体不满之间的双向中介效应。结果表明，食物成瘾和身体不满之间存在双向正相关（β=0.12-0.26，标准误差[SE]=0.07-0.03，均 p<0.01），这部分被期望进食会导致失控感的期望所中介，无论身体不满是作为独立变量还是因变量（β=0.15-0.36，SE=0.05-0.02，均 p<0.01）。研究结果表明，在针对大学生中同时存在的食物成瘾和身体不满的干预措施中，需要解决期望进食会导致失控感的影响。
