West Virginia University, Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Design, Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences; 4100 Agricultural Sciences Building, PO Box 6108, Morgantown, WV 26505-6108, United States of America.
Meredith College, School of Education Health & Human Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Health and Human Performance; 3800 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27607-5298, United States of America.
Eat Behav. 2023 Apr;49:101710. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101710. Epub 2023 Feb 20.
College students are heavily influenced by their food environment and are an important population in which to study food addiction. This mixed-methods study aimed to examine diet quality and eating behaviors of college students with food addiction.
Students attending a large university in November 2021 were invited to complete an online survey that measured food addiction, eating styles, eating disorder symptoms, diet quality, and anticipated feelings after eating. Kruskal-Wallis H determined differences between those with and without food addiction in mean scores of quantitative variables. Participants who met the symptom threshold for the presence of food addiction were invited to participate in an interview that elicited more information. Quantitative data was analyzed using JMP Pro Version 16.0 and qualitative data was thematically analyzed using NVIVO Pro Software Version 12.0.
Respondents (n = 1645) had a 21.9 % prevalence of food addiction. Individuals with mild food addiction had the highest scores in cognitive restraint. Those with severe food addiction had the highest scores in uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, and eating disorder symptoms. Individuals with food addiction showed significantly higher negative expectancies for healthy and junk food, lower intake of vegetables, higher intakes of added sugars and saturated fat. Interview participants had problems with sweets and carbohydrates most often and described eating until physically ill, eating in response to negative emotions, dissociation while eating, and strong negative feelings after eating.
Findings contribute to the understanding of the behaviors, emotions, and perceptions surrounding food by this population, providing potential behaviors and cognitions to target for treatment.
大学生深受其食物环境的影响，是研究食物成瘾的重要人群。本混合方法研究旨在调查有食物成瘾的大学生的饮食质量和饮食行为。
2021 年 11 月，邀请参加一所大型大学的学生完成一项在线调查，该调查测量了食物成瘾、饮食方式、饮食障碍症状、饮食质量和进食后的预期感受。Kruskal-Wallis H 检验了有和无食物成瘾的学生在定量变量的平均得分上的差异。邀请符合食物成瘾症状存在标准的参与者参加访谈，以获取更多信息。使用 JMP Pro Version 16.0 分析定量数据，使用 NVIVO Pro Software Version 12.0 对定性数据进行主题分析。
受访者（n=1645）的食物成瘾患病率为 21.9%。轻度食物成瘾者的认知约束得分最高。严重食物成瘾者的无节制进食、情绪性进食和饮食障碍症状得分最高。有食物成瘾的人对健康食品和垃圾食品的负面预期明显更高，蔬菜摄入量较低，添加糖和饱和脂肪摄入量较高。访谈参与者最常出现甜食和碳水化合物问题，描述了吃到身体不适、情绪反应时进食、进食时的分离感以及进食后强烈的负面情绪。
研究结果有助于了解这一人群的行为、情绪和对食物的看法，为治疗提供潜在的行为和认知目标。
