Racine Sarah E, Martin Shelby J
Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
Eat Behav. 2017 Jan;24:54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.12.007. Epub 2016 Dec 21.
Tests of the acquired preparedness model demonstrate that the personality trait of negative urgency (i.e., the tendency to act impulsively when distressed) predicts the expectation that eating alleviates negative affect, and this eating expectancy subsequently predicts dysregulated eating. Although recent data indicate that eating disorder-specific risk factors (i.e., appearance pressures, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint) strengthen negative urgency-dysregulated eating associations, it is unclear whether these risk factors impact associations directly or indirectly (i.e., through eating expectancies). The current study used latent moderated structural equation modeling to test moderated mediation hypotheses in a sample of 313 female college students. Eating expectancies mediated the association between negative urgency and dysregulated eating, and the indirect effect of negative urgency on dysregulated eating through eating expectancies was conditional on level of each eating disorder risk factor. Appearance pressures, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, and dietary restraint significantly moderated the association between eating expectancies and dysregulated eating, while only dietary restraint moderated the direct effect of negative urgency on dysregulated eating. Findings suggest that the development of high-risk eating expectancies among individuals with negative urgency, combined with sociocultural pressures for thinness and their consequences, is associated with the greatest risk for dysregulated eating.
习得性准备模型的测试表明，消极紧迫性这一个性特质（即在痛苦时冲动行事的倾向）预示着人们期望进食能缓解消极情绪，而这种进食期望随后又预示着饮食失调。尽管近期数据表明，特定于饮食失调的风险因素（即外表压力、瘦身理想内化、身体不满、饮食限制）会强化消极紧迫性与饮食失调之间的关联，但尚不清楚这些风险因素是直接还是间接（即通过进食期望）影响这种关联。本研究采用潜在调节结构方程模型，在313名女大学生样本中检验调节中介假设。进食期望在消极紧迫性与饮食失调之间起中介作用，消极紧迫性通过进食期望对饮食失调产生的间接效应取决于每种饮食失调风险因素的水平。外表压力、瘦身理想内化、身体不满和饮食限制显著调节了进食期望与饮食失调之间的关联，而只有饮食限制调节了消极紧迫性对饮食失调的直接效应。研究结果表明，消极紧迫性个体中高风险进食期望的形成，再加上社会文化对瘦的压力及其后果，与饮食失调的最大风险相关。
