Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Science, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Science, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Poult Sci. 2020 Nov;99(11):5653-5662. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.050. Epub 2020 Jul 3.
An experiment was performed to assess the inclusion of soybean lecithin (SL) in the replacement of soybean oil (SO), for grower and finisher broiler chicken diets (up to 15 d of life), and its effects on performance, fatty acid (FA) absorption, gut health, and saturation degree of the abdominal fat pad (AFP). A total of 1,440 female Ross-308 chickens were distributed in 60 pens and were fed 5 experimental diets. The control diet (T1) was supplemented with SO (grower and finisher diets at 2.00%), and 4 levels of SL were included in replacement: T2 (0.25% in grower and 0.50% in finisher diets), T3 (0.50% in grower and 1.00% in finisher diets), T4 (0.75% in grower and 1.50% in finisher diets), and T5 (1.00% in grower and 2.00% in finisher diets). At day 39, titanium dioxide was added to finisher diets at 5 g/kg to perform a digestibility balance. At day 46, AFP, tissue, and gut digesta samples were collected to characterize FA digestibility, adipose saturation degree, microbial groups, and histomorphometry. No effects were associated with SO replacement by SL on performance (P > 0.05), ileal digestibility of total, saturated and monounsaturated FA (P > 0.05), nor jejunal morphology (P > 0.05). Total replacement of SO by SL reduced ileal absorption of polyunsaturated FA (P < 0.02) and increased jejunal Lactobacillus spp. counts (P = 0.049). Higher levels of SL inclusion (T4 and T5) lowered polyunsaturated FA concentration of the AFP (P = 0.002) and, thus, slightly reduced its unsaturated-to-saturated FA ratio (P = 0.005). Soybean lecithin inclusion did not modify performance parameters, total FA absorption, nor jejunal morphology, however caused changes on polyunsaturated FA absorption, jejunal microbiota, and saturation degree of the AFP. The study demonstrates that soybean lecithin can be included, in combination with or in replacement of soybean oil, as an alternative energy source for grower (up to a 1%) and finisher broiler diets (up to 2%).
进行了一项实验，以评估在育雏和育肥阶段肉鸡饲料（达 15 日龄）中用大豆卵磷脂（SL）替代大豆油（SO），并研究其对性能、脂肪酸（FA）吸收、肠道健康和腹脂垫（AFP）饱和度的影响。共有 1440 只雌性罗斯 308 鸡被分配到 60 个围栏中，并喂食 5 种实验饲料。对照饲料（T1）中添加了 SO（育雏和育肥阶段各 2.00%），并用 4 种水平的 SL 进行替代：T2（育雏阶段 0.25%，育肥阶段 0.50%）、T3（育雏阶段 0.50%，育肥阶段 1.00%）、T4（育雏阶段 0.75%，育肥阶段 1.50%）和 T5（育雏阶段 1.00%，育肥阶段 2.00%）。在第 39 天，在育肥阶段饲料中添加 5 g/kg 的二氧化钛进行消化平衡。在第 46 天，收集 AFP、组织和肠道内容物样本，以表征 FA 消化率、脂肪饱和度、微生物群和组织形态计量学。用 SL 完全替代 SO 对性能（P＞0.05）、回肠总 FA、饱和 FA 和单不饱和 FA 的消化率（P＞0.05）或空肠形态学（P＞0.05）均无影响。完全用 SL 替代 SO 会降低回肠多不饱和 FA 的吸收（P＜0.02），并增加空肠乳杆菌属的计数（P=0.049）。更高水平的 SL （T4 和 T5）会降低 AFP 中的多不饱和 FA 浓度（P=0.002），从而略微降低其不饱和 FA 与饱和 FA 的比例（P=0.005）。大豆卵磷脂的添加不会改变性能参数、总 FA 吸收或空肠形态，但会改变多不饱和 FA 的吸收、空肠微生物群和 AFP 的饱和度。研究表明，大豆卵磷脂可与大豆油联合使用或替代大豆油，作为育雏（最高 1%）和育肥肉鸡饲料（最高 2%）的替代能量来源。
