Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Department of Animal and Food Science, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department - XaRTA-INSA, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Poult Sci. 2019 Oct 1;98(10):4929-4941. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez253.
The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of the dietary free fatty acid (FFA) content and dietary fat saturation degree on the fatty-acid (FA) digestibility and lipid-class content along the gastrointestinal tract and excreta in broiler chickens. The 8 experimental diets resulted from replacing crude soybean oil with soybean acid oil from chemical refining, or crude palm oil with palm FA distillate from physical refining. Thus, there were 4 soybean and 4 palm diets with 6% added fat varying in their FFA% (5, 15, 35, and 50%). Samples of digestive content (gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) and excreta were collected at 14 D for the determination of the FA digestibility and lipid-class content. The total FA digestibility coefficients reported for the chickens fed S diets in the jejunum, ileum, and excreta were higher than for those fed P diets (P ≤ 0.02). The general greater digestibility of the unsaturated diets was mainly explained by a higher contribution of the ileum to the absorption of saturated FA. The dietary FFA content mainly affected the FA absorption process. The diets with 50% FFA presented lower saturated FA digestibility coefficients in the jejunum and ileum (P ≤ 0.03), and higher content of FFA in the ileum and excreta (P ≤ 0.014), in comparison to the diets with 5% FFA. The 15% FFA diets were not different from the 5% FFA diets, regarding the saturated FA digestibility in the jejunum and excreta, and the FFA content in the ileum and excreta. It was concluded that unsaturated diets with moderate content of dietary FFA (up to 15%) could be used in broiler-chicken starter diets, as they led to similar FA absorption and performance results to the diets with the lowest dietary FFA content. From the present study, it has also been concluded that dietary saturated FA content has a greater impact on FA absorption than the dietary FFA content has.
本研究旨在评估饲料游离脂肪酸（FFA）含量和饲用脂肪饱和度对肉鸡消化道和粪便中脂肪酸（FA）消化率和脂质含量的影响。8 种实验饲粮通过用化学精炼的大豆油酸代替粗大豆油，或用物理精炼的棕榈脂肪酸馏分代替粗棕榈油来配制。因此，有 4 种大豆饲粮和 4 种棕榈饲粮，添加 6%的脂肪，FFA%分别为（5、15、35 和 50%）。在第 14 天收集消化内容物（肌胃、十二指肠、空肠和回肠）和粪便样本，以测定 FA 消化率和脂质含量。与 P 饲粮相比，饲喂 S 饲粮的鸡在空肠、回肠和粪便中的总 FA 消化率更高（P≤0.02）。不饱和饲粮消化率较高的原因主要是回肠对饱和 FA 吸收的贡献更大。饲粮 FFA 含量主要影响 FA 吸收过程。50%FFA 饲粮的饱和 FA 在空肠和回肠中的消化率较低（P≤0.03），且在回肠和粪便中的 FFA 含量较高（P≤0.014），与 5%FFA 饲粮相比。15%FFA 饲粮与 5%FFA 饲粮在空肠和粪便中的饱和 FA 消化率以及回肠和粪便中的 FFA 含量没有差异。结果表明，在肉鸡前期饲粮中使用含有适量 FFA（高达 15%）的不饱和饲粮，可获得与最低 FFA 饲粮相似的 FA 吸收和生产性能。本研究还表明，饲粮中饱和 FA 含量对 FA 吸收的影响大于饲粮 FFA 含量。
