Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
Department of Livestock and Poultry Products Testing, Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing 100107, China.
Poult Sci. 2020 Nov;99(11):5874-5882. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.029. Epub 2020 Aug 31.
The present study evaluated the effects of natural astaxanthin (ASTA) from Haematococcus pluvialis on the antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism, and ASTA accumulation in the egg yolk of laying hens. Hy-Line Brown layers (n = 288, 50 wk old) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatment groups. Each group had 6 replicates of 12 hens each. All birds were given a corn-soybean meal-based diet containing 0, 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg ASTA for 6 wk. The results showed that the total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase level, and glutathione peroxidase level in the plasma, livers, and egg yolks were significantly increased in the ASTA groups compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05), whereas the content of malondialdehyde linearly decreased (P < 0.05). The plasma levels of high-density and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the ASTA groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, ASTA supplementation decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride plasma levels (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the other lipid metabolism parameters among the ASTA-supplemented groups relative to the control group except for an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the liver. Compared with the control, dietary ASTA supplementation significantly increased the enrichment of ASTA in egg yolks at the end of week 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SCARB1) and very-low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) in the ASTA groups was markedly higher (P < 0.05) than that in the control group in the liver and ovaries, respectively. In conclusion, these results suggest that dietary ASTA enhances the antioxidant capacity and regulates lipid metabolism in laying hens. ASTA enrichment in egg yolks may be closely related to the upregulation of SCARB1 and VLDLR gene expression.
本研究评估了雨生红球藻天然虾青素（ASTA）对产蛋母鸡抗氧化能力、脂代谢和蛋黄中 ASTA 积累的影响。选择 288 只海兰褐蛋鸡（50 周龄），随机分为 4 个日粮处理组，每组 6 个重复，每个重复 12 只鸡。所有鸡均饲喂以玉米-豆粕为基础的日粮，日粮中分别添加 0、25、50 或 100mg/kg 的 ASTA，试验期 6 周。结果表明，与对照组相比，ASTA 组鸡血浆、肝脏和蛋黄中总抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化酶水平和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平显著升高（P<0.05），而丙二醛含量呈线性下降（P<0.05）。ASTA 组鸡血浆中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。此外，ASTA 补充降低了低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯的血浆水平（P<0.05）。然而，除了肝脏中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇增加外，ASTA 补充组与对照组相比，其他脂代谢参数没有显著差异。与对照组相比，日粮中添加 ASTA 可显著提高第 2、4 和 6 周末蛋黄中 ASTA 的富集量（P<0.05）。ASTA 组鸡肝脏和卵巢中清道夫受体 B 型 1（SCARB1）和极低密度脂蛋白受体（VLDLR）的 mRNA 表达显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。综上所述，这些结果表明，日粮中添加 ASTA 可增强产蛋母鸡的抗氧化能力，调节脂代谢。蛋黄中 ASTA 的富集可能与 SCARB1 和 VLDLR 基因表达的上调密切相关。
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