Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Oct 30;17(21):7986. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17217986.
To compare the characteristics of mothers of children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) with mothers of typically developing control children.
The study utilized a cross-sectional, observational design, using active case ascertainment. Biological mothers were interviewed using a standardized retrospective questionnaire to collect data on demographics, living environment, pregnancy history, nutrition, alcohol and other drug use prior to and following pregnancy recognition.
A total of 173 mothers were interviewed. Of these, 19 had a child who was diagnosed with FASD, five had a child who had received a deferred FASD diagnosis, and 37 had children who were selected into the control group as typically developing children. The remaining 112 mothers had children who did not meet diagnostic criteria for FASD. The mothers of children with FASD did not differ significantly from mothers of the control group children with respect to age, ethnicity, marital status, and employment status at the time of pregnancy. However, mothers of children with FASD had lower levels of education ( < 0.01) and were more likely to have received financial support ( < 0.05) at the time of pregnancy, to have smoked tobacco ( < 0.001), and to have used marijuana or hashish ( < 0.01) prior to pregnancy recognition, compared with mothers of control children. All mothers of children with FASD reported alcohol consumption prior to pregnancy recognition; however, only 10.5% reported alcohol consumption following pregnancy recognition. None of the mothers interviewed reported any drug use following pregnancy recognition.
Population-based preventive interventions, including repeated screening, monitoring, and education regarding the effects of alcohol use, as well as other substances, before and during pregnancy, are needed to eliminate risk for FASD and other negative consequences on child and maternal health.
比较胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）患儿母亲与正常发育对照儿童母亲的特征。
本研究采用了横断面观察性设计，采用主动病例确定法。采用标准化回顾性问卷对亲生母亲进行访谈，收集人口统计学、生活环境、妊娠史、妊娠前和妊娠认知后营养、酒精和其他药物使用情况等数据。
共访谈了 173 位母亲。其中 19 位母亲的孩子被诊断为 FASD，5 位母亲的孩子被诊断为疑似 FASD，37 位母亲的孩子被选为对照组中正常发育的儿童。其余 112 位母亲的孩子不符合 FASD 的诊断标准。FASD 患儿母亲与对照组儿童母亲在妊娠时的年龄、种族、婚姻状况和就业状况方面无显著差异。然而，FASD 患儿母亲的受教育程度较低（<0.01），且更有可能在妊娠时获得经济支持（<0.05），妊娠前吸烟（<0.001），且使用大麻或哈希什（<0.01），而对照组儿童母亲则不然。所有 FASD 患儿的母亲均报告在妊娠前已饮酒，但仅有 10.5%的母亲报告在妊娠后仍饮酒。接受访谈的母亲均未报告妊娠后使用任何药物。
需要开展基于人群的预防干预措施，包括在妊娠前和妊娠期间重复筛查、监测和教育，以减少 FASD 风险以及对儿童和母亲健康的其他不良后果。
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