Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Environnement, Hera "Health Environmental Risk Assessment", Inserm UMR1153-CRESS (Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et StatistiqueS), Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 4, Avenue de L'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France.
Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Maison de La Recherche en Environnement Industriel 2, Université Du Littoral Côte D'Opale, 189A Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France.
Environ Res. 2021 May;196:110350. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110350. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
The skin is an essential barrier, protecting the body against the environment and its numerous pollutants. Several environmental pollutants are known to affect the skin, inducing premature aging through mechanisms including oxidative stress, inflammation, and impairment of skin functions. Even climate conditions can impact the skin. Therefore, using a Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE), we tested the effect of two samples of fine particulate matters (PM - one metals-rich sample and the other organic compounds-rich), two Volatile Organic Compounds mixtures (VOCs - from a solvent-based paint and a water-based paint) and Tobacco Smoke (TS). All pollutants affected cellular functionality, but to a lesser extent for the water-based paint VOC. This effect was enhanced when RHE were preconditioned for 2 h by a semi-dry airflow (45% relative humidity) before pollutants application, compared to preconditioning by a humid airflow (90% relative humidity). In the absence of preconditioning, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES were almost systematically induced by pollutants. When RHE were preconditioned by a semi-dry or humid airflow before being subjected to pollutants, the increase of IL-1α, IL-8, and RANTES falls into two groups. Similarly to RHE not treated with pollutants, RHE treated with VOCs after preconditioning by a semi-dry airflow showed increased IL-1α, IL-8, and RANTES release. On the contrary, RHE treated with PM or TS after preconditioning by a semi-dry airflow show a lower increase in IL-1α, IL-8, and RANTES compared to preconditioning by a humid airflow. The effect of real environmental relative humidity conditions of the air, combined with acute exposure to various environmental pollutants, seemed to relate mainly to structural changes of the skin, determining the outcome of the inflammatory response depending on the physicochemical characteristics of pollutants.
皮肤是人体的重要屏障，保护人体免受环境及其众多污染物的侵害。有几种环境污染物已知会影响皮肤，通过氧化应激、炎症和皮肤功能障碍等机制诱导过早衰老。甚至气候条件也会影响皮肤。因此，我们使用重建的人体表皮（RHE）测试了两种细颗粒物（PM-一种富含金属，另一种富含有机化合物）、两种挥发性有机化合物混合物（VOC-来自溶剂型涂料和水性涂料）和烟草烟雾（TS）的影响。所有污染物都影响了细胞功能，但水性涂料 VOC 的影响较小。与用高湿度气流（90%相对湿度）预处理相比，当 RHE 在施加污染物前用半干燥气流（45%相对湿度）预处理 2 小时时，这种影响更大。在没有预处理的情况下，污染物几乎会系统性地诱导 IL-1α、IL-6、IL-8 和 RANTES 的产生。当 RHE 在受到污染物暴露之前用半干燥或高湿度气流预处理时，IL-1α、IL-8 和 RANTES 的增加分为两组。与未用污染物处理的 RHE 类似，用半干燥气流预处理后用 VOC 处理的 RHE 显示出增加的 IL-1α、IL-8 和 RANTES 释放。相反，用半干燥气流预处理后用 PM 或 TS 处理的 RHE 与用高湿度气流预处理相比，IL-1α、IL-8 和 RANTES 的增加较低。空气的实际环境相对湿度条件与各种环境污染物的急性暴露相结合的影响似乎主要与皮肤的结构变化有关，根据污染物的物理化学特性决定炎症反应的结果。
