Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 4;15(11):e0241436. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241436. eCollection 2020.
Neuroradiological studies have greatly improved the knowledge and diagnoses of cerebral palsy with its underlying pathology, types and accompanying changes in brain morphology. However, there is no published study on cerebral palsy neuroimaging patterns in Ethiopia.
Retrospective chart and neuroimaging reviews were conducted among pediatric patients, who attended Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital between January 2016 and August 2019, fulfilling the study criteria. The magnetic resonance images and computed tomography scans reviewed by a neuroradiologist and/or pediatric neurologist were included. Data was collected using a structured checklist and analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 22. Results were represented using tables, graphs and images.
The median age at neuroimaging was 2 years. There were more males (54.5%) than females (45.5%) with a male: female ratio of 1.2:1. Majority of the patients had magnetic resonance (81.8%) as opposed to computed tomography scans (18.2%). Most of the patients (69.7%) had been born at term with spastic quadriplegia (33.3%) found to be the leading type of cerebral palsy. 30.3% of the patients had normal neuroimaging studies whereas 69.7% had neuroimaging abnormalities. Anomalies included pathologies of the white matter (18.2%), basal ganglia (15.2%), cortex and lobes (27.3%), corpus callosum (6.1%), lateral ventricles (12.1%), cysts (18.2%) and cerebellum (3%), respectively. Other findings were seen in 45.5% of the patients.
Severe forms of cerebral palsy (spastic quadriplegia) were most common with majorly cortical and subcortical brain involvement.
神经影像学研究极大地提高了对脑瘫及其潜在病理学、类型和脑形态伴随变化的认识和诊断。然而，在埃塞俄比亚还没有关于脑瘫神经影像学模式的发表研究。
对 2016 年 1 月至 2019 年 8 月期间在阿德尔综合专科医院就诊的符合研究标准的儿科患者进行了回顾性图表和神经影像学检查。纳入了由神经放射科医生和/或儿科神经科医生审查的磁共振成像和计算机断层扫描。使用结构化检查表收集数据，并使用 SPSS 统计软件版本 22 进行分析。结果以表格、图表和图像表示。
神经影像学的中位年龄为 2 岁。男性（54.5%）多于女性（45.5%），男女比例为 1.2:1。大多数患者（81.8%）接受了磁共振成像检查，而接受计算机断层扫描检查的患者（18.2%）较少。大多数患者（69.7%）为足月出生，痉挛性四肢瘫（33.3%）是脑瘫的主要类型。30.3%的患者神经影像学检查正常，69.7%的患者神经影像学异常。异常包括白质病变（18.2%）、基底节病变（15.2%）、皮质和脑叶病变（27.3%）、胼胝体病变（6.1%）、侧脑室病变（12.1%）、囊肿病变（18.2%）和小脑病变（3%）。其他发现见于 45.5%的患者。
最常见的是严重形式的脑瘫（痉挛性四肢瘫），主要涉及皮质和皮质下脑。
