Nakayama Izuma, Hirota Toru, Shinozaki Eiji
Department of Gastroenterological Chemotherapy, Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.
Department of Experimental Pathology, Cancer Institute of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Nov 3;12(11):3236. doi: 10.3390/cancers12113236.
The Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B () mutation is detected in 8-12% of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRCs) and is strongly correlated with poor prognosis. The recent success of the BEACON CRC study and the development of targeted therapy have led to the determination of -mutated mCRCs as an independent category. For nearly two decades, a growing body of evidence has established the significance of the mutation in the development of CRC. Herein, we overview both basic and clinical data relevant to -mutated CRC, mainly focusing on the development of treatment strategies. This review is organized into eight sections, including clinicopathological features, molecular features, prognosis, the predictive value of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy, resistant mechanisms for -targeting treatment, the heterogeneity of the mutation, future perspectives, and conclusions. A characterization of the canonical mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is essential for controlling this malignancy, and the optimal combination of multiple interventions for treatments remains a point of debate.
在8%-12%的转移性结直肠癌（mCRC）中可检测到Raf鼠肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物B（）突变，且该突变与预后不良密切相关。BEACON CRC研究的近期成功以及靶向治疗的发展，使得将-突变的mCRC确定为一个独立类别。近二十年来，越来越多的证据证实了该突变在结直肠癌发生发展中的重要性。在此，我们概述与-突变结直肠癌相关的基础和临床数据，主要聚焦于治疗策略的发展。本综述分为八个部分，包括临床病理特征、分子特征、预后、抗表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）治疗的预测价值、-靶向治疗的耐药机制、突变的异质性、未来展望和结论。对经典丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）途径的特征描述对于控制这种恶性肿瘤至关重要，而多种治疗干预的最佳组合仍是一个争论点。
