Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama 351-0197, Japan.
Chemistry Division, Kanagawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health (Retired), Kanagawa 253-0087, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 3;17(21):8131. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17218131.
We conducted a total diet study (TDS) of Cs, Cs, and K to assess their average dietary exposure levels in a Japanese adult population before and after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) accident. Nineteen market baskets were evaluated in 2006-2011. In each basket, a TDS sample comprising tap water and 160-170 food items, which were combined into 13 groups, were collected for analysis by gamma-ray spectrometry. From 2006 to 2010, the Cs activity concentration in the "fish and shellfish" group was 0.099 Bq/kg, representing the highest value obtained, whereas the total committed effective dose (CED) of radiocesium isotopes (Cs + Cs) was 0.69 μSv. In 2011, "milk and dairy products" from Sendai City had a Cs activity concentration of 12 Bq/kg, representing the highest values among all food groups studied. However, the annual CED of radioactive Cs in Fukushima City was 17 μSv after the FDNPP accident, which is 60-fold lower than the maximum permissible dose of 1 mSv/year. The mean CED obtained for K was 180 μSv, which is comparable to the global average. Our results reveal the average dietary exposure of Cs, Cs, and K, which can aid in estimating the radiological safety of foods.
我们进行了一项关于 Cs、Cs 和 K 的总膳食研究（TDS），以评估福岛第一核电站（FDNPP）事故前后日本成年人的平均膳食暴露水平。在 2006-2011 年期间评估了 19 个市场篮子。在每个篮子中，收集了 TDS 样本，包括自来水和 160-170 种食品，这些食品被组合成 13 组，通过伽马射线光谱法进行分析。从 2006 年到 2010 年，“鱼贝类”组中的 Cs 活度浓度为 0.099 Bq/kg，是获得的最高值，而放射性铯同位素（Cs + Cs）的总承诺有效剂量（CED）为 0.69 μSv。2011 年，来自仙台市的“牛奶和奶制品”的 Cs 活度浓度为 12 Bq/kg，是所有研究食品组中最高的。然而，FDNPP 事故后，福岛市放射性 Cs 的年 CED 为 17 μSv，是每年 1 mSv 最大允许剂量的 60 倍。获得的 K 的平均 CED 为 180 μSv，与全球平均值相当。我们的结果揭示了 Cs、Cs 和 K 的平均膳食暴露量，这有助于估计食品的放射性安全性。
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