Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain.
Dept of Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
Eur Respir J. 2021 Mar 4;57(3). doi: 10.1183/13993003.03142-2020. Print 2021 Mar.
An association between the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the presence of certain chronic conditions has been suggested. However, unlike influenza and other viruses, the disease burden of COVID-19 in patients with asthma has been less evident.
To understand the impact of COVID-19 in patients with asthma.
Using big-data analytics and artificial intelligence through the SAVANA Manager clinical platform, we analysed clinical data from patients with asthma from January 1 to May 10, 2020.
Out of 71 182 patients with asthma, 1006 (1.41%) suffered from COVID-19. Compared to asthmatic individuals without COVID-19, patients with asthma and COVID-19 were significantly older (55 42 years), predominantly female (66% 59%), smoked more frequently and had higher prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidaemias, diabetes and obesity. Allergy-related factors such as rhinitis and eczema were less common in asthmatic patients with COVID-19 (p<0.001). In addition, higher prevalence of these comorbidities was observed in patients with COVID-19 who required hospital admission. The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) was lower in patients who required hospitalisation due to COVID-19, as compared to non-hospitalised patients (48.3% 61.5%; OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.44-0.77). Although patients treated with biologics (n=865; 1.21%) showed increased severity and more comorbidities at the ear, nose and throat level, COVID-19-related hospitalisations in these patients were relatively low (0.23%).
Patients with asthma and COVID-19 were older and at increased risk due to comorbidity-related factors. ICS and biologics are generally safe and may be associated with a protective effect against severe COVID-19 infection.
有研究表明,2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的严重程度与某些慢性疾病的存在之间存在关联。然而,与流感和其他病毒不同,COVID-19 在哮喘患者中的疾病负担并不明显。
了解 COVID-19 对哮喘患者的影响。
我们使用大数据分析和人工智能技术,通过 SAVANA Manager 临床平台,分析了 2020 年 1 月 1 日至 5 月 10 日期间哮喘患者的临床数据。
在 71482 例哮喘患者中,有 1006 例(1.41%)患有 COVID-19。与无 COVID-19 的哮喘患者相比,患有 COVID-19 的哮喘患者年龄明显更大(55 42 岁),女性居多(66% 59%),吸烟更频繁,高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病和肥胖症的患病率更高。COVID-19 哮喘患者的过敏相关因素(如鼻炎和湿疹)较少(p<0.001)。此外,在因 COVID-19 住院的患者中,这些合并症的患病率更高。与未住院的患者相比,因 COVID-19 需要住院的患者使用吸入性皮质类固醇(ICS)的比例较低(48.3% 61.5%;OR 0.58,95%CI 0.44-0.77)。尽管接受生物制剂治疗的患者(n=865;1.21%)在耳鼻喉水平上表现出更高的严重程度和更多的合并症,但这些患者因 COVID-19 住院的比例相对较低(0.23%)。
患有 COVID-19 的哮喘患者年龄较大,且因合并症相关因素而面临更高的风险。ICS 和生物制剂通常是安全的,并且可能与预防严重 COVID-19 感染有关。