Mjøsund Hanne Leirbekk, Moe Cathrine Fredriksen, Burton Elissa, Uhrenfeldt Lisbeth
Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway.
Centre for Work and Mental Health, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2020 Oct 29;13:1291-1315. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S270247. eCollection 2020.
Reablement is a rehabilitative intervention provided to homecare receivers with the aim of improving function and independence. There is limited evidence of the effectiveness of reablement, and the content of these interventions is variable. Physical activity (PA) is known to be important for improving and maintaining function among older adults, but it is unclear how PA is integrated in reablement.
To map existing evidence of how PA strategies are integrated and explored in studies of reablement for community dwelling older adults and to identify knowledge gaps.
An a priori protocol was published. Studies of time-limited, interdisciplinary reablement for community-dwelling older adults were considered for inclusion. Eight databases were searched for studies published between 1996 and June 2020, in addition to reference and citation searches. Study selection and data extraction were made independently by two reviewers.
Fifty-one studies were included. Exercise strategies and practice of daily activities were included in the majority of intervention studies, but, in most cases, little information was provided about the intensity of PA. Interventions aiming to increase general PA levels or reduce sedentary behavior were rarely described. None of the studies explored older adults', healthcare providers' or family members' experiences with PA in a reablement setting, but some of the studies touched upon themes related to PA experiences. Some studies reported outcomes of physical fitness, including mobility, strength, and balance, but there was insufficient evidence for any synthesis of these results. None of the studies reported PA levels among older adults receiving reablement.
There is limited evidence of how PA is integrated and targeted to older adults' individual needs and preferences in a reablement setting. The feasibility and effectiveness of PA interventions, as well as experiences or barriers related to PA in a reablement setting, should be further investigated.
恢复能力训练是一种针对居家护理接受者的康复干预措施，旨在改善其功能和独立性。关于恢复能力训练有效性的证据有限，且这些干预措施的内容各不相同。众所周知，身体活动对改善和维持老年人的功能很重要，但尚不清楚身体活动在恢复能力训练中是如何整合的。
梳理关于社区居住老年人恢复能力训练研究中身体活动策略如何整合及探索的现有证据，并识别知识空白。
发布了一个预先制定的方案。纳入针对社区居住老年人的限时、跨学科恢复能力训练研究。除参考文献和引文检索外，还在八个数据库中搜索了1996年至2020年6月发表的研究。由两名评审员独立进行研究筛选和数据提取。
纳入了51项研究。大多数干预研究都包括运动策略和日常活动练习，但在大多数情况下，关于身体活动强度的信息很少。旨在提高总体身体活动水平或减少久坐行为的干预措施很少被描述。没有一项研究探讨老年人、医疗保健提供者或家庭成员在恢复能力训练环境中进行身体活动的经历，但一些研究涉及了与身体活动经历相关的主题。一些研究报告了身体素质的结果，包括 mobility、力量和平衡，但没有足够的证据对这些结果进行综合分析。没有一项研究报告接受恢复能力训练的老年人的身体活动水平。
关于在恢复能力训练环境中如何根据老年人的个人需求和偏好整合身体活动并进行针对性训练的证据有限。应进一步研究身体活动干预措施的可行性和有效性，以及在恢复能力训练环境中与身体活动相关的经历或障碍。
