Center for Infectious Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland.
Antiviral Res. 2021 Jan;185:104970. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104970. Epub 2020 Nov 5.
Influenza B viruses cause significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in children, but the awareness of their impact is often less than influenza A viruses partly due to their lack of pandemic potential. Here, we summarise the biology, epidemiology and disease burden of influenza B, and review existing data on available antivirals for its management. There has long been uncertainty surrounding the clinical efficacy of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) for influenza B treatment. In this article, we bring together the existing data on NAIs and discuss these alongside recent large randomised controlled trial data for the new polymerase inhibitor baloxavir in high-risk influenza B patients. Finally, we offer considerations for the clinical management of influenza B, with a focus on children and high-risk patients where disease burden is highest.
乙型流感病毒会导致严重的发病率和死亡率，尤其是在儿童中，但由于其缺乏大流行潜力，人们对其影响的认识往往不如甲型流感病毒那么高。在这里，我们总结了乙型流感病毒的生物学、流行病学和疾病负担，并回顾了现有的关于其管理的可用抗病毒药物的数据。长期以来，神经氨酸酶抑制剂（NAIs）治疗乙型流感的临床疗效一直存在不确定性。在本文中，我们汇集了现有的关于 NAI 的数据，并结合最近针对高危乙型流感患者的新型聚合酶抑制剂 baloxavir 的大型随机对照试验数据进行了讨论。最后，我们对乙型流感的临床管理提出了一些考虑因素，重点是疾病负担最高的儿童和高危患者。
