Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
Department of Animal Biosciences, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
BMC Vet Res. 2020 Nov 7;16(1):426. doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02649-0.
This study aimed to determine if obese cats undergoing energy restriction for weight loss would meet the National Research Council's (NRC) indispensable amino acid and vitamin recommendations when fed a purpose-formulated diet. Thirty cats were placed into one of two groups; obese (BCS 8 to 9/9; n = 16) and lean (BCS 4 to 5/9; n = 14) and included in a non-randomized retrospective observational study. Cats were fed a veterinary weight loss food during a 4-week period of weight maintenance. Obese cats (O-MAINT) refers to obese cats during this period, L-MAINT to lean cats. After this initial 4-week period, the lean cats finished the study at this time and the 16 obese cats continued and were energy restricted for a 10-week period (O-RESTRICT). Analysis for dietary concentrations of indispensable amino acid and vitamin contents were performed. Daily food intakes were used to determine minimum, maximum and average daily intakes of individual nutrients for all three groups and compared against NRC 2006 minimum requirements (MR), adequate intakes (AI) and recommended allowances (RA) for adult cats.
Over 10 weeks, O-RESTRICT cats lost 672 g ± 303 g, representing a weight loss rate of 0.94 ± 0.28% per week. Daily intake of the majority of indispensable amino acids and vitamins was greater than the NRC 2006 recommended allowance (RA per kg ideal body weight ^0.67), except for arginine, choline, crude protein, phenylalanine plus tyrosine and threonine. All O-RESTRICT cats had minimum, average, and maximum arginine intakes less than the NRC AI. Minimum daily intake of choline was below NRC RA for all O-RESTRICT cats and below NRC MR for two. All, except one, O-RESTRICT cats had a maximum and average choline intake below RA.
All cats remained clinically healthy and showed no clinical signs of deficiency. Dietary choline and arginine requirements of obese cats as well as health risks associated with low dietary intake during energy restriction warrant further investigation.
本研究旨在确定肥胖猫在进行减肥的能量限制时，是否能满足国家研究委员会（NRC）对必需氨基酸和维生素的建议，同时喂食专门配制的饮食。将 30 只猫分为两组；肥胖组（BCS 8 到 9/9；n = 16）和瘦猫组（BCS 4 到 5/9；n = 14），并纳入一项非随机回顾性观察研究。猫在为期 4 周的体重维持期间喂食兽医减肥食物。肥胖猫（O-MAINT）指的是在此期间的肥胖猫，L-MAINT 指的是瘦猫。在最初的 4 周后，瘦猫完成了研究，此时 16 只肥胖猫继续进行，并进行了 10 周的能量限制（O-RESTRICT）。分析了必需氨基酸和维生素含量的饮食浓度。根据所有三组的每日食物摄入量，确定了个体营养素的最低、最高和平均每日摄入量，并与 2006 年 NRC 最低需求量（MR）、充足摄入量（AI）和推荐允许量（RA）进行了比较。
在 10 周内，O-RESTRICT 猫体重减轻了 672 克±303 克，每周体重减轻率为 0.94±0.28%。大多数必需氨基酸和维生素的每日摄入量都大于 2006 年 NRC 推荐允许量（每公斤理想体重^0.67 的 RA），除了精氨酸、胆碱、粗蛋白、苯丙氨酸加酪氨酸和苏氨酸。所有 O-RESTRICT 猫的最低、平均和最高精氨酸摄入量均低于 NRC AI。所有 O-RESTRICT 猫的最低每日胆碱摄入量均低于 NRC RA，其中两只有低于 NRC MR。除一只猫外，所有 O-RESTRICT 猫的最大和平均胆碱摄入量均低于 RA。
所有猫均保持临床健康，无缺乏症状。肥胖猫的饮食胆碱和精氨酸需求以及能量限制期间低饮食摄入相关的健康风险需要进一步研究。
