强化敏感性与物质使用之间的关联是由青少年特质情感性的个体差异所介导的。
The association between reinforcement sensitivity and substance use is mediated by individual differences in dispositional affectivity in adolescents.
作者信息
Rádosi Alexandra, Pászthy Bea, Welker Tünde É, Zubovics Evelin A, Réthelyi János M, Ulbert István, Bunford Nóra
机构信息
'Lendület' Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Hungary; Semmelweis University, Doctoral School of Mental Health Sciences, 1083 Budapest, Balassa u. 6, Hungary.
Semmelweis University, 1(st) Department of Paediatrics, 1083 Budapest, Bókay János u. 53-54, Hungary.
出版信息
Addict Behav. 2021 Mar;114:106719. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106719. Epub 2020 Oct 22.
BACKGROUND
Adolescence marks the onset of substance use experimentation and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to certain negative effects of substances. Some evidence indicates reinforcement sensitivity is associated with substance use, though little is known about mechanisms underlying such association.
AIMS
in the current study were to examine, (1) associations between behavioral activation (BAS) and behavioral inhibition (BIS) system sensitivity, positive (PA) and negative affectivity (NA), and alcohol use and alcohol problems as well as tobacco, and marijuana use, and whether (2) associations are mediated by PA or NA.
METHODS
Participants were a community sample of N = 125 adolescents (M = 15.67 years; SD = 0.93; 52% boys) who completed self-report measures.
RESULTS
evinced associations, generally as expected, across variables (all ps < 0.05). In mediation analyses, an association emerged between BIS sensitivity and alcohol use, mediated by NA (95%CIs [0.034; 0.390]); greater BIS sensitivity was associated with greater NA and greater NA was associated with greater alcohol use. These findings were replicated with alcohol problems. An association also emerged between BAS sensitivity and marijuana use, mediated by PA (95%CIs [-0.296; -0.027]); greater BAS sensitivity was associated with greater PA and greater PA was associated with lower marijuana use. Finally, BIS sensitivity was associated with tobacco use through NA (95%CIs [0.023; 0.325]) and PA (95%CIs [0.004; 0.116]), with NA linked to greater, but PA linked to lower tobacco use. BAS sensitivity was also associated with tobacco use through PA (95%CIs [-0.395; -0.049]), with PA linked again to lower tobacco use.
CONCLUSIONS
There are unique and shared effects of domains of reinforcement sensitivity on adolescent substance use and these vary with index of dispositional affectivity and type of substance considered.
背景
青春期标志着物质使用实验的开始，青少年特别容易受到物质某些负面影响的影响。一些证据表明强化敏感性与物质使用有关，尽管对这种关联的潜在机制知之甚少。
目的
本研究旨在检验：（1）行为激活（BAS）和行为抑制（BIS）系统敏感性、积极情感（PA）和消极情感（NA）与酒精使用及酒精问题以及烟草和大麻使用之间的关联，以及（2）这些关联是否由PA或NA介导。
方法
参与者是一个由N = 125名青少年组成的社区样本（M = 15.67岁；标准差 = 0.93；52%为男孩），他们完成了自我报告测量。
结果
各变量之间呈现出关联，总体上符合预期（所有p值 < 0.05）。在中介分析中，BIS敏感性与酒精使用之间出现了一种关联，由NA介导（95%置信区间[0.034；0.390]）；更高的BIS敏感性与更高的NA相关，而更高的NA与更高的酒精使用相关。这些发现与酒精问题的情况一致。BAS敏感性与大麻使用之间也出现了一种关联，由PA介导（95%置信区间[-0.296；-0.027]）；更高的BAS敏感性与更高的PA相关，而更高的PA与更低的大麻使用相关。最后，BIS敏感性通过NA（95%置信区间[0.023；0.325]）和PA（95%置信区间[0.004；0.116]）与烟草使用相关，NA与更高的烟草使用相关，但PA与更低的烟草使用相关。BAS敏感性也通过PA（95%置信区间[-0.395；-0.049]）与烟草使用相关，PA再次与更低的烟草使用相关。
结论
强化敏感性各领域对青少年物质使用有独特和共同的影响，这些影响因气质性情感指数和所考虑的物质类型而有所不同。
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