老年人饮酒的社会背景：与酒精及交通风险行为的关系。
Social context of drinking among older adults: Relationship to alcohol and traffic risk behaviors.
作者信息
Beck Kenneth H, Zanjani Faika, Allen Hannah K
机构信息
University of Maryland College Park, School of Public Health, 4200 Valley Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Virginia Commonwealth University, College of Health Professions, 1200 E. Broad Street, Box 980233, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
出版信息
Transp Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav. 2019 Jul;64:161-170. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2019.05.001. Epub 2019 May 22.
OBJECTIVE
Alcohol use among older adults is a major public health concern given potentially negative effects to health and functioning in this population. Little is known about context in which alcohol use among older adults occurs, or how context of use is associated with risk behaviors.
METHOD
Invitation letters were mailed to licensed drivers 65 years and older in Maryland. A total of 825 participants completed an online survey that assessed demographic characteristics, alcohol use, social context of drinking, and driving behaviors.
RESULTS
The analytic sample consisted of 604 older adult current drinkers (55% male). A factor analysis revealed three separate contexts of drinking: social facilitation, emotional comfort, and relaxation. Drinking in the context of social facilitation was associated with driving after drinking. Drinking in the context of emotional comfort was associated with getting drunk, driving after drinking, and running a stop sign or red light. Drinking in the context of relaxation was associated with traffic risk behaviors, including running a stop sign or red light and getting in a near crash or collision.
CONCLUSIONS
Understanding the social context of alcohol use among older adults may be useful for targeting and attempting to modify risky alcohol use and driving behaviors.
目的
鉴于饮酒对老年人健康和机能可能产生负面影响，老年人饮酒是一个重大的公共卫生问题。对于老年人饮酒的背景情况，或者饮酒背景与风险行为之间的关联，我们知之甚少。
方法
向马里兰州65岁及以上的持照驾驶员邮寄邀请函。共有825名参与者完成了一项在线调查，该调查评估了人口统计学特征、饮酒情况、饮酒的社会背景以及驾驶行为。
结果
分析样本包括604名老年当前饮酒者（55%为男性）。一项因素分析揭示了三种不同的饮酒背景：社交促进、情绪慰藉和放松。在社交促进背景下饮酒与酒后驾车有关。在情绪慰藉背景下饮酒与醉酒、酒后驾车以及闯红灯或停车标志有关。在放松背景下饮酒与交通风险行为有关，包括闯红灯或停车标志以及险些发生碰撞。
结论
了解老年人饮酒的社会背景可能有助于针对并试图改变危险的饮酒和驾驶行为。
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