Wu Chin-Chia, Hsu Ta-Wen, Yeh Chia-Chou, Huang Hsien-Bing
Division of Colorectal Surgery, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.
College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
Tzu Chi Med J. 2020 Jul 24;32(4):305-311. doi: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_49_20. eCollection 2020 Oct-Dec.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant tumors in humans and causes mass mortality. In the age of precise medicine, more and more subtypes of CRC were classified. The caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) is an intestine-specific transcription factor which is implicated in differentiation, proliferation, cell-adhesion, and migration. The loss of CDX2 in immunohistochemical stain was reported to be a prognostic factor of colon cancer, but the clinical application remained controversial. Most of the CRCs expressed or over-expressed CDX2. Homeobox genes can display either an oncogenic or a tumor-suppressing activity. CDX2 regulates the developing intestinal epithelium and CRC by different pathways. The complex regulation of CDX2 and its complex targets cause the difficulties of application for CDX2 in the prediction of prognosis. However, CDX2 is a potential biomarker applied in the precise classification of CRC for personalized medicine. This review partially clarifies the role of CDX2 in CRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是人类最恶性的肿瘤之一，会导致大量死亡。在精准医学时代，越来越多的结直肠癌亚型被分类。尾型相关同源盒转录因子2（CDX2）是一种肠道特异性转录因子，与分化、增殖、细胞黏附和迁移有关。免疫组化染色中CDX2的缺失据报道是结肠癌的一个预后因素，但临床应用仍存在争议。大多数结直肠癌表达或过度表达CDX2。同源盒基因可表现出致癌或抑癌活性。CDX2通过不同途径调节肠道上皮和结直肠癌的发育。CDX2及其复杂靶点的复杂调节导致CDX2在预后预测中的应用困难。然而，CDX2是一种潜在的生物标志物，可应用于结直肠癌的精准分类以实现个性化医疗。本综述部分阐明了CDX2在结直肠癌中的作用。
