Bai Xiangli, Yuan Wensu
School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2020 Sep 25;36(9):1767-1778. doi: 10.13345/j.cjb.200029.
Natural silks, produced by spiders and silkworms, are excellent materials with marvelous mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability, and widely used in the fields of textile, optics, electronics, biomedicine and environmental engineering. So far, there are many spinning methods to improve the mechanical properties of artificial fibers, such as wet spinning, dry spinning, and electrospinning. However, the performance of most artificial fibers is still inferior to natural silks. It is important to understand the correlations between hierarchical structures and performance in the field of artificial spinning. This review introduces the formation of natural silks, the relationship between the mechanical properties of silks and the hierarchical structure, the research progress in artificial spinning, and the application of silks.
由蜘蛛和蚕所产的天然丝是具有出色机械性能、生物相容性和生物降解性的优质材料，广泛应用于纺织、光学、电子、生物医学和环境工程等领域。到目前为止，有许多纺丝方法可用于改善人造纤维的机械性能，如湿法纺丝、干法纺丝和静电纺丝。然而，大多数人造纤维的性能仍不如天然丝。了解人造纺丝领域中分级结构与性能之间的相关性很重要。本文综述了天然丝的形成、丝的机械性能与分级结构之间的关系、人造纺丝的研究进展以及丝的应用。
