Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 9;15(11):e0241991. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241991. eCollection 2020.
Attention-deficit /hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by age-inappropriate levels of motor activity, impulsivity and attention. The aim of the present study was to study diurnal variation of motor activity in adult ADHD patients, compared to healthy controls and clinical controls with mood and anxiety disorders. Wrist-worn actigraphs were used to record motor activity in a sample of 81 patients and 30 healthy controls. Time series from registrations in the morning and evening were analyzed using measures of variability, complexity and a newly developed method, the similarity algorithm, based on transforming time series into graphs. In healthy controls the evening registrations showed higher variability and lower complexity compared to morning registrations, however this was evident only in the female controls. In the two patient groups the same measures were not significantly different, with one exception, the graph measure bridges. This was the measure that most clearly separated morning and evening registrations and was significantly different both in healthy controls and in patients with a diagnosis of ADHD. These findings suggest that actigraph registrations, combined with mathematical methods based on graph theory, may be used to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the diurnal regulation of motor activity.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种常见的神经发育综合征，其特征是运动活动、冲动和注意力水平与年龄不符。本研究的目的是研究成年 ADHD 患者的日间运动活动变化，与健康对照组和伴有情绪和焦虑障碍的临床对照组进行比较。腕戴活动记录仪用于记录 81 名患者和 30 名健康对照组的运动活动。使用变异性、复杂性和一种新开发的方法（基于将时间序列转换为图形的相似性算法）分析清晨和傍晚的记录时间序列。在健康对照组中，与清晨记录相比，傍晚记录显示出更高的变异性和更低的复杂性，但这种情况仅在女性对照组中明显。在两个患者组中，相同的测量值没有显著差异，只有一个例外，即图形测量桥。这是最能区分清晨和傍晚记录的测量值，在健康对照组和 ADHD 诊断患者中均有显著差异。这些发现表明，活动记录仪记录与基于图论的数学方法相结合，可能用于阐明负责运动活动日间调节的机制。
