Borg K
J Wildl Dis. 1987 Oct;23(4):527-33. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-23.4.527.
The epidemiological and historical aspects of some important and representative wildlife diseases from Scandinavia are discussed. In noninfectious diseases, examples include cataract in moose (Alces alces), atherosclerosis in hybrid hares (Lepus timidus X L. europaeus), and ethmoid tumors in moose. The epizootiological and historical aspects of the recent epizootics of myxomatosis in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and rabies and sarcoptic mange in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are reviewed. The decline and subsequent increase in population abundances of tetraonids including the capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix), and hazel hen (Tetrastes bonasia) are discussed, and an hypothesis on predation by foxes is presented as a possible explanation for these population fluctuations. The potential impact of environmental pollution on wildlife populations is emphasized with reference to mercury in wildlife from Sweden and the possible effects of cadmium and selenium resulting from acidification. A bibliography of important references is presented pertaining to these and other diseases of wildlife from Scandinavia.
本文讨论了斯堪的纳维亚半岛一些重要且具代表性的野生动物疾病的流行病学和历史情况。在非传染性疾病方面，例子包括驼鹿（Alces alces）的白内障、杂交野兔（Lepus timidus X L. europaeus）的动脉粥样硬化以及驼鹿的筛窦肿瘤。本文回顾了欧洲兔（Oryctolagus cuniculus）近期黏液瘤病 epizootics、赤狐（Vulpes vulpes）的狂犬病和疥螨病的流行病学和历史情况。讨论了包括松鸡（Tetrao urogallus）、黑琴鸡（Lyrurus tetrix）和榛鸡（Tetrastes bonasia）在内的松鸡科动物种群数量的下降及随后的增加，并提出狐狸捕食假说作为这些种群波动的一种可能解释。参考瑞典野生动物体内的汞以及酸化导致的镉和硒的可能影响，强调了环境污染对野生动物种群的潜在影响。列出了与斯堪的纳维亚半岛这些及其他野生动物疾病相关重要参考文献的书目。
