Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade Lusófona, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 5;17(21):8176. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17218176.
The accurate body composition assessment comprises several variables, causing it to be a time consuming evaluation as well as requiring different and sometimes costly measurement instruments. The aim of this study was to develop new equations for the somatotype prediction, reducing the number of normal measurements required by the Heath and Carter approach. A group of 173 male soccer players (age, 13.6 ± 2.2 years, mean ± standard deviation; body mass index, BMI, 19.9 ± 2.5 kg/m), members of the academy of a professional Italian soccer team participating in the first division (Serie A), participated in this study. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was performed using the single frequency of 50 kHz and fat-free mass (FFM) was calculated using a BIA specific, impedance based equation. Somatotype components were estimated according to the Heath-Carter method. The participants were randomly split into development ( = 117) and validation groups ( = 56). New anthropometric and BIA based models were developed (endomorphy = -1.953 - 0.011 × stature/resistance + 0.135 × BMI + 0.232 × triceps skinfold, R = 0.86, SEE = 0.28; mesomorphy = 6.848 + 0.138 × phase angle + 0.232 × contracted arm circumference + 0.166 × calf circumference - 0.093 × stature, R = 0.87, SEE = 0.40; ectomorphy = -5.592 - 38.237 × FFM/stature + 0.123 × stature, R = 0.86, SEE = 0.37). Cross validation revealed R of 0.84, 0.80, and 0.87 for endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy, respectively. The new proposed equations allow for the integration of the somatotype assessment into BIA, reducing the number of collected measurements, the instruments used, and the time normally required to obtain a complete body composition analysis.
准确的身体成分评估包括多个变量，这使得评估既耗时又需要不同且有时昂贵的测量仪器。本研究的目的是开发新的体型预测方程，减少 Heath 和 Carter 方法所需的正常测量次数。一组 173 名男性足球运动员（年龄 13.6 ± 2.2 岁，均值 ± 标准差；体重指数 BMI，19.9 ± 2.5 kg/m），来自参加意大利甲级联赛（Serie A）的职业足球俱乐部青训学院的成员，参加了这项研究。使用单一的 50 kHz 频率进行生物电阻抗分析（BIA），并使用 BIA 特定的、基于阻抗的方程计算去脂体重（FFM）。根据 Heath-Carter 方法估计体型成分。参与者被随机分为开发组（n = 117）和验证组（n = 56）。开发了新的人体测量学和 BIA 基础模型（内胚层 = -1.953 - 0.011 × 身高/阻力 + 0.135 × BMI + 0.232 × 三头肌皮褶，R = 0.86，SEE = 0.28；中胚层 = 6.848 + 0.138 × 相位角 + 0.232 × 收缩臂围 + 0.166 × 小腿围 - 0.093 × 身高，R = 0.87，SEE = 0.40；外胚层 = -5.592 - 38.237 × FFM/身高 + 0.123 × 身高，R = 0.86，SEE = 0.37）。交叉验证显示，内胚层、中胚层和外胚层的 R 值分别为 0.84、0.80 和 0.87。新提出的方程允许将体型评估整合到 BIA 中，减少了所需的测量次数、使用的仪器和获得完整身体成分分析所需的时间。
