Departments of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy.
Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Dec 12;16(24):5066. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16245066.
Bioimpedance standards are well established for the normal healthy population and in clinical settings, but they are not available for many sports categories. The aim of this study was to develop reference values for male and female athletes using classic bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA). In this study, 1556 athletes engaged in different sports were evaluated during their off-season period. A tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance analyzer was used to determine measurements of resistance (R) and reactance (Xc). The classic BIVA procedure, which corrects bioelectrical values for body height, was applied, and fat-free mass, fat mass, and total body water were estimated. In order to verify the need for specific references, classic bioelectrical values were compared to the reference values for the general male and female populations. Additionally, athletes were divided into three groups: endurance, velocity/power, and team sports. In comparison with the general healthy male and female populations, the mean vectors of the athletes showed a shift to the left on the R-Xc graph. Considering the same set of modalities, BIVA confidence graphs showed that male and female endurance athletes presented lower body fluids, fat mass, and fat-free mass than other sets of modalities. This study provides BIVA reference values for an athletic population that can be used as a standard for assessing body composition in male and female athletes.
生物阻抗标准在正常健康人群和临床环境中得到了很好的建立，但在许多运动类别中并不适用。本研究的目的是使用经典生物阻抗向量分析（BIVA）为男性和女性运动员制定参考值。在这项研究中，1556 名从事不同运动的运动员在休赛期接受了评估。使用四极生物电阻抗分析仪来确定电阻（R）和电抗（Xc）的测量值。应用经典的 BIVA 程序，该程序校正了身高的生物电值，并估计了去脂体重、脂肪量和总体液量。为了验证特定参考值的必要性，将经典生物电值与一般男性和女性人群的参考值进行了比较。此外，运动员被分为三组：耐力组、速度/力量组和团队运动组。与一般健康的男性和女性人群相比，运动员的平均向量在 R-Xc 图上向左偏移。考虑到同一组模式，BIVA 置信度图显示男性和女性耐力运动员的体液、脂肪量和去脂体重低于其他组模式。本研究为运动人群提供了 BIVA 参考值，可以作为评估男性和女性运动员身体成分的标准。
