College of Nursing, Shinhan University, Dongducheon 11340, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 5;17(21):8178. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17218178.
Modifiable lifestyle behaviors, such as lack of physical activity, smoking, and unhealthy diet, are associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women, in addition to other risk factors, such as aging and physiological changes. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of encouraging healthy lifestyles and health-promoting behaviors among postmenopausal women, to achieve a better health status. However, it is difficult to modify lifestyle and maintain that change. This study was aimed at identifying the factors that affect the maintenance of healthy lifestyle habits in postmenopausal women, using various theoretical models. This qualitative study included focus-group interviews with 21 Korean postmenopausal women aged 54 to 69 years. A theory-guided thematic analysis was performed based on the Health Belief Model, Self-Determination Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, and Theory of Planned Behavior. As a result, facilitators and inhibitors to healthy lifestyle modification and maintenance are identified. Various sources of motivation and reinforcement are important for menopausal women to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Autonomy support and self-regulation strategies play an important role in integrating health-promoting behaviors into a daily routine. In addition to personal effort, a social support system is also important to help individuals maintain a healthy lifestyle.
可改变的生活方式行为，如缺乏身体活动、吸烟和不健康饮食，除了其他风险因素，如衰老和生理变化外，还与绝经后妇女患心血管疾病的风险有关。因此，有必要强调鼓励绝经后妇女养成健康生活方式和促进健康行为的重要性，以实现更好的健康状况。然而，改变生活方式并维持这种改变是很困难的。本研究旨在使用各种理论模型，确定影响绝经后妇女维持健康生活习惯的因素。这项定性研究包括对 21 名年龄在 54 至 69 岁的韩国绝经后妇女进行的焦点小组访谈。基于健康信念模型、自我决定理论、社会认知理论和计划行为理论，进行了理论导向的主题分析。结果确定了健康生活方式改变和维持的促进因素和抑制因素。各种来源的动机和强化对绝经后妇女维持健康的生活方式很重要。自主支持和自我调节策略在将促进健康的行为融入日常生活中起着重要作用。除了个人努力，社会支持系统对于帮助个人维持健康的生活方式也很重要。
