Babaeer Lena, Stylianou Michalis, Walker Jacqueline L, Gomersall Sjaan R
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Therapies Annexes (84A), St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
School of Family Education, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Al-Zahir, Saudi Arabia.
Public Health Nutr. 2022 Sep 1;25(12):1-15. doi: 10.1017/S1368980022001847.
This study aimed to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between dietary intake and educational outcomes (EO) in Australian first-year university students.
This cross-sectional and longitudinal study measured outcomes of interest at three points over 1 year. Measures included self-reported dietary patterns and dietary intake via a three-day estimated food record. Objective EO (corresponding semester grade point average (GPA), overall GPA and graduation status) variables were extracted from academic records. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations were examined using regression models and generalised estimating equations, respectively.
A large university in Queensland, Australia.
Participants ( 80) were first-year students who had completed high school in the previous year.
Some significant associations were found with semester GPA, including: (a) moderate positive associations between serves of vegetables and semester GPA at time point 2 and over time; and (b) a weak negative association between Na intake and semester GPA at time point 2. Although insignificant, meaningful negative associations were found between alcohol consumption and semester GPA at time point 1 and over time. Some significant associations were also found with graduation status, including: (a) a positive association between meeting Australian carbohydrate recommendations and graduation status; and (b) a negative association between Fe intake and graduation status, both at time point 1.
Both cross-sectional and longitudinal findings highlight positive associations between vegetable intake and EO and negative associations between alcohol consumption and EO. Further relevant work is needed with larger, more variable samples in demographic, dietary and EO characteristics.
本研究旨在调查澳大利亚大学一年级学生的饮食摄入与学业成绩（EO）之间的横断面和纵向关联。
这项横断面和纵向研究在1年中的三个时间点测量了相关结果。测量方法包括通过为期三天的估计食物记录自我报告饮食模式和饮食摄入量。客观学业成绩（相应学期平均绩点（GPA）、总GPA和毕业状态）变量从学术记录中提取。分别使用回归模型和广义估计方程来检验横断面和纵向关联。
澳大利亚昆士兰州的一所大型大学。
参与者（80人）为前一年完成高中学业的一年级学生。
发现了一些与学期GPA的显著关联，包括：（a）在时间点2及随时间推移，蔬菜摄入量与学期GPA之间存在中度正相关；（b）在时间点2，钠摄入量与学期GPA之间存在微弱负相关。虽然不显著，但在时间点1及随时间推移，饮酒量与学期GPA之间发现了有意义的负相关。还发现了一些与毕业状态的显著关联，包括：（a）在时间点1，达到澳大利亚碳水化合物推荐摄入量与毕业状态之间存在正相关；（b）在时间点1，铁摄入量与毕业状态之间存在负相关。
横断面和纵向研究结果均突出了蔬菜摄入量与学业成绩之间的正相关以及饮酒量与学业成绩之间的负相关。需要针对人口统计学、饮食和学业成绩特征方面更大、更具多样性的样本开展进一步的相关研究。
