Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Maxim Integrated Products Inc., Chandler, AZ 85225, USA.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2021 Jan;246(2):207-212. doi: 10.1177/1535370220966545. Epub 2020 Nov 9.
Autophagy plays a crucial role in cellular development and differentiation as well as in the maintenance of homeostasis in healthy cells. Autophagy is well documented in neurodegenerative disorders, aging, and infectious diseases. However, recognizing its significance in cancer has always been challenging due to its tumor-promoting and suppressive attributes. Various modulators targeting key components of autophagy machinery directly or indirectly have been developed over the years, and have shown promising results in preclinical models. Some of these compounds are even being tested in clinical trials for safety and efficacy. A detailed review of strategies used to target autophagy in cancer is presented including our opinion on developing better therapies and outstanding issues.
自噬在细胞发育和分化以及健康细胞的内稳态维持中起着至关重要的作用。自噬在神经退行性疾病、衰老和传染病中已有充分的记载。然而，由于其促进肿瘤和抑制肿瘤的特性，一直以来人们都难以认识到它在癌症中的重要性。多年来，已经开发出各种针对自噬机制关键成分的直接或间接调节剂，并且在临床前模型中显示出有前景的结果。其中一些化合物甚至正在临床试验中测试其安全性和疗效。本文详细综述了用于靶向癌症自噬的策略，包括我们对开发更好的疗法和解决突出问题的看法。
