新加坡孕妇对 COVID-19 的态度和预防措施：一项横断面调查。
Attitudes and precaution practices towards COVID-19 among pregnant women in Singapore: a cross-sectional survey.
机构信息
Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, KK Women and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.
Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.
出版信息
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020 Nov 10;20(1):675. doi: 10.1186/s12884-020-03378-w.
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 may predispose pregnant women to higher risks of severe disease and poorer neonatal outcome. Psychological sequalae of this pandemic may pose a greater conundrum than its clinical aspects. It is currently unknown that how pregnant women cope with this global pandemic and its ramifications. The aims of the study are to understand the attitudes and precaution practices of non-infected pregnant women towards the COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore.
METHODS
An online cross-sectional survey of COVID-19 awareness among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Singapore was conducted. An internet link was provided to complete an online electronic survey on Google platform using a quick response (QR) code on mobile devices. The online survey consists of 34 questions that were categorized into 4 main sections, namely 1) social demographics 2) attitude on safe distancing measures 3) precaution practices and 4) perceptions of COVID-19. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to examine women's precaution practices among six independent socio-demographic variables, including age, ethnicity, education, front-line jobs, history of miscarriage and type of antenatal clinic (general, high risk).
RESULTS
A total of 167 survey responses were obtained over 8 weeks from April to June 2020. The majority of women were aged ≤35 years (76%, n = 127), were of Chinese ethnicity (55%, n = 91), attained tertiary education (62%, n = 104) and were not working as frontline staff (70%). Using multiple linear regression models, Malay ethnicity (vs. Chinese, β 0.24; 95% CI 0.04, 0.44) was associated with higher frequency of practicing social distancing. Malay women (β 0.48; 95% CI 0.16, 0.80) and those who worked as frontline staff (β 0.28; 95% CI 0.01, 0.56) sanitized their hands at higher frequencies. Age of ≥36 years (vs. ≤30 years, β 0.24; 95% CI 0.01, 0.46), Malay (vs. Chinese, β 0.27; 95% CI 0.06, 0.48) and Indian ethnicity (vs. Chinese, β 0.41; 95% CI 0.02, 0.80), and attendance at high-risk clinic (vs. general clinic, β 0.20; 95% CI 0.01, 0.39) were associated with higher frequency of staying-at-home.
CONCLUSION
Social demographical factors including age > 36 years old, Malay ethnicity, employment in front line jobs and attendance at high-risk clinics are likely to influence the attitudes and precaution practices among pregnant women towards COVID-19 in Singapore. Knowledge gained from our cross-sectional online survey can better guide clinicians to communicate better with pregnant women. Hence, it is important for clinicians to render appropriate counselling and focused clarification on the effect of COVID-19 among pregnant women for psychological support and mental well being.
背景
COVID-19 可能使孕妇面临更高的重病风险和更差的新生儿结局。这场大流行的心理后遗症可能比其临床方面更具挑战性。目前尚不清楚孕妇如何应对这场全球大流行及其影响。本研究旨在了解新加坡非感染孕妇对 COVID-19 爆发的态度和预防措施。
方法
对新加坡参加产前检查的孕妇进行了 COVID-19 意识的在线横断面调查。通过移动设备上的快速响应 (QR) 码提供了一个互联网链接，以完成 Google 平台上的在线电子调查。在线调查包括 34 个问题，分为 4 个主要部分，即 1) 社会人口统计学 2) 安全距离措施的态度 3) 预防措施和 4) COVID-19 的看法。多元线性回归分析用于检验 6 个独立社会人口统计学变量（年龄、种族、教育、一线工作、流产史和产前诊所类型（普通、高危））之间女性预防措施的差异。
结果
在 2020 年 4 月至 6 月的 8 周内，共获得了 167 份调查回复。大多数女性年龄≤35 岁（76%，n=127），是华人（55%，n=91），接受过高等教育（62%，n=104），不在一线工作（70%）。使用多元线性回归模型，马来族（与华人相比，β 0.24；95%CI 0.04，0.44）与更高频率的社交距离实践相关。马来族（β 0.48；95%CI 0.16，0.80）和一线工作人员（β 0.28；95%CI 0.01，0.56）洗手频率更高。年龄≥36 岁（与≤30 岁相比，β 0.24；95%CI 0.01，0.46）、马来族（与华人相比，β 0.27；95%CI 0.06，0.48）和印度族（与华人相比，β 0.41；95%CI 0.02，0.80），以及高危诊所就诊（与普通诊所相比，β 0.20；95%CI 0.01，0.39）与更高的居家频率相关。
结论
包括年龄>36 岁、马来族、从事一线工作和高危诊所就诊在内的社会人口统计学因素可能会影响新加坡孕妇对 COVID-19 的态度和预防措施。我们的横断面在线调查获得的知识可以更好地指导临床医生与孕妇更好地沟通。因此，临床医生为孕妇提供适当的咨询和重点澄清 COVID-19 的影响以提供心理支持和心理健康非常重要。
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