Kalantari Narges, Khoshgoftar Mohadeseh, Moradi Fatemeh, Pirzadeh Asiyeh
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2024 Jan 9;29(1):68-72. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_337_21. eCollection 2024 Jan-Feb.
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is a viral disease that has become an international public health concern. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate pregnant women's perception of COVID-19 based on the health belief model in Isfahan.
This cross-sectional study includes 100 pregnant women selected by random sampling. Data were collected using an online questionnaire on the Porsline website. This questionnaire examines the knowledge and structures of the health belief model, including perceived susceptibility and severity, perceived barriers and benefits, and self-efficacy regarding the prevention of COVID-19. Data were analyzed using analytical tests such as independent -test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The significance level was considered to be <0.05.
The results showed that the knowledge of COVID-19 and preventative methods was at a reasonable level among most women (77%). Also, there was a significant correlation between education and self-efficacy. Based on the findings, the mean score of knowledge (F = 0.116, = 0.04) and the mean score of perceived susceptibility (F = 0.02, < 0.001) of mothers who were pregnant for the first time were significantly higher than mothers who were pregnant for the second time or more.
The perceived severity and susceptibility scores were higher than other constructs, indicating women's proper understanding of the risks of COVID-19. However, half of them stated that they do not go to receive services, and this issue can have adverse consequences. The researchers recommend planning to improve other model constructs, such as self-efficacy, for improving women's performance in receiving care.
冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是一种已成为国际公共卫生关注焦点的病毒性疾病。因此，本研究旨在基于伊斯法罕的健康信念模型评估孕妇对COVID-19的认知。
本横断面研究通过随机抽样选取了100名孕妇。数据通过Porsline网站上的在线问卷收集。该问卷考察了健康信念模型的知识和结构，包括感知易感性和严重性、感知障碍和益处以及预防COVID-19的自我效能感。数据使用独立样本t检验和皮尔逊相关系数等分析测试进行分析。显著性水平设定为<0.05。
结果显示，大多数女性（77%）对COVID-19及其预防方法的了解处于合理水平。此外，教育程度与自我效能感之间存在显著相关性。根据研究结果，首次怀孕母亲的知识平均得分（F = 0.116，P = 0.04）和感知易感性平均得分（F = 0.02，P < 0.001）显著高于二次及以上怀孕的母亲。
感知严重性和易感性得分高于其他维度，表明女性对COVID-19的风险有恰当理解。然而，其中一半的女性表示她们不去接受服务，而这一问题可能会产生不良后果。研究人员建议规划改善其他模型维度，如自我效能感，以提高女性接受护理时的表现。
