Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, 15 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
BMC Res Notes. 2020 Nov 10;13(1):516. doi: 10.1186/s13104-020-05362-1.
The purpose of this study was to identify lifestyle and psychosocial factors associated with maintenance of normal body mass index (BMI, 18.5-24.9 kg/m). Undergraduate students (n = 2781; 7.1% response rate) at a Big Ten university responded to a survey in 2018. BMI was calculated from the reported weight and height at the time of the survey and upon entering the university. Logistic regression analyses examined lifestyle and psychosocial health factors associated with maintenance of normal BMI by academic year.
Current BMI was within normal range for 68.8% of freshmen and 60.6% of seniors. Never consuming fast food was a significant predictor for maintaining normal BMI in sophomores (OR 3.78; 95% CI 1.61, 8.88; p < 0.01) and juniors (OR 7.82; 95% CI 2.14, 28.65; p < 0.01). In seniors, better psychosocial health (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.12, 1.76; p < 0.01) was the only significant predictor for maintaining one's normal freshman BMI category. Among those within the normal BMI range upon entering the university, psychosocial health (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.10, 1.55; p < 0.01) was the only predictor of retaining one's absolute BMI within ± 3% as a senior. Prospective studies are needed to better understand the interaction between environment, behavior, and psychological health involved in retaining normal weight.
本研究旨在确定与维持正常体重指数（BMI，18.5-24.9kg/m）相关的生活方式和心理社会因素。在 2018 年，一所十大联盟大学的本科学生（n=2781；响应率为 7.1%）参与了一项调查。BMI 是根据调查时和进入大学时报告的体重和身高计算得出的。逻辑回归分析考察了与维持正常 BMI 相关的生活方式和心理社会健康因素，按学年进行分析。
新生中当前 BMI 处于正常范围的占 68.8%，老生中占 60.6%。从不食用快餐是大二学生（OR 3.78；95%CI 1.61，8.88；p<0.01）和大三学生（OR 7.82；95%CI 2.14，28.65；p<0.01）维持正常 BMI 的显著预测因素。在高年级学生中，更好的心理社会健康（OR 1.40；95%CI 1.12，1.76；p<0.01）是维持新生 BMI 正常类别唯一的显著预测因素。在进入大学时处于正常 BMI 范围内的学生中，心理社会健康（OR 1.31；95%CI 1.10，1.55；p<0.01）是作为高年级学生保持 BMI 绝对数值在±3%范围内的唯一预测因素。需要前瞻性研究来更好地理解维持正常体重所涉及的环境、行为和心理健康之间的相互作用。
