Hard Tissues Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Internal Medicine Department II, Hospital Infante D. Pedro, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, Aveiro, Portugal.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2021;80(4):972-979. doi: 10.5603/FM.a2020.0134. Epub 2020 Nov 10.
Bone remodelling represents the most remarkable bone response to mechanical stress and mineral homeostasis. It is the consequence of complex highly orchestrated and tightly regulated cellular processes taking place in a specialised entity - the bone remodelling compartment (BRC).
Cementum is an understudied tissue that requires more research to understand its biology, pathology, and potential for regeneration. Although analogue to bone in structure and composition distinct structural and functional differences were ascribed to each of these mineralised tissues. The precise role of cementocytes in cementum turnover is unclear but they may work the same way as osteocytes in bone remodelling, regulating the full process.
Although cementum is not liable to regular physiological remodelling as bone is, pathological cases triggered by orthodontic forces or large periapical periodontitis, those lesions can acutely induce cementum remodelling. Nevertheless, the cellular mechanisms behind this particular remodelling process are yet to be identified, as its eventual involvement of specialised anatomic structures as the BRC.
Hypothesizing that similar cellular mechanisms underlie bone and cementum remodelling, the present work shows, for the first time, the histological evidence of a specialized remodelling compartment in dental hard tissues.
骨重建代表了对机械应力和矿物质动态平衡的最显著的骨骼反应。它是在一个专门实体——骨重建隔室（BRC）中发生的复杂、高度协调和严格调节的细胞过程的结果。
牙骨质是一个研究不足的组织，需要更多的研究来了解其生物学、病理学和再生潜力。尽管结构和组成上与骨类似，但每个矿化组织都被赋予了明显的结构和功能差异。成牙骨质细胞在牙骨质更新中的精确作用尚不清楚，但它们可能与骨重建中的破骨细胞一样，调节整个过程。
虽然牙骨质不像骨那样容易发生生理性改建，但正畸力或大根尖牙周炎等病理情况会急性诱导牙骨质改建。然而，这种特殊改建过程背后的细胞机制尚未确定，因为其最终涉及到专门的解剖结构，如 BRC。
假设骨和牙骨质改建的细胞机制相似，本研究首次显示了牙体硬组织中专门改建隔室的组织学证据。
