Section of graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Periodontology, Research Institute for Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, South Korea.
Clin Oral Investig. 2021 Jun;25(6):3589-3597. doi: 10.1007/s00784-020-03681-y. Epub 2020 Nov 10.
To assess the efficacy of three mechanical decontamination methods in four types of commercially available implants.
Ninety-six implants of four commercial brands with different designs (regarding thread depth and thread pitch) were soaked in a surrogate biofilm (ink) and air-dried. Circumferential standardized peri-implant defects with 6 mm in depth and 1.55 mm in width were custom-made with a 3D printer. Stained implants were inserted in the defects and instrumented with three different methods: a titanium brush (TNB), a metallic ultrasonic tip (IST) and an air abrasive (PF). Standardized photographs were taken vertically to the implant axis (flat view), and with angulations of 60° (upper view) and 120° (lower view) to the implant long axis. The percentage of residual stain (PRS) was calculated with the image analysis software. Scanning electron microscope evaluations were performed on the buccal aspect of the implants at the central level of the defect.
The efficacy of PF was significantly inferior to the TNB and IST in all implant designs, while there were no significant differences between TNB and IST. IST showed significantly higher PRS in the implant with the highest thread pitch, while the TNB had the highest PRS in the implant with a marked reverse buttress-thread design. The micro-thread design had the lowest values of PRS for all decontamination methods. The apically facing threads represented the areas with highest PRS for all implant designs and decontamination methods.
Thread geometry influenced the access of the decontamination devices and in turn its efficacy. Implants with lower thread pitch and thread depth values appeared to have less residual staining.
Clinicians must be aware of the importance of thread geometry in the decontamination efficacy.
评估四种市售种植体中三种机械去污方法的效果。
将 96 个具有不同设计（关于螺纹深度和螺距）的商业品牌种植体浸泡在替代生物膜（墨水）中并风干。使用 3D 打印机定制具有 6mm 深度和 1.55mm 宽度的环形标准化种植体周围缺损。用染色的种植体插入缺损处，并使用三种不同的方法进行器械处理：钛刷（TNB）、金属超声尖端（IST）和空气喷砂（PF）。用垂直于种植体轴的标准照片（平视图）以及与种植体长轴成 60°（上视图）和 120°（下视图）的角度拍摄照片。用图像分析软件计算残余染色百分比（PRS）。在缺损中央水平的种植体颊面进行扫描电子显微镜评估。
在所有种植体设计中，PF 的效果明显低于 TNB 和 IST，而 TNB 和 IST 之间没有显著差异。在螺距最高的种植体中，IST 的 PRS 明显较高，而在具有明显反向支撑螺纹设计的种植体中，TNB 的 PRS 最高。微螺纹设计的所有去污方法的 PRS 值最低。对于所有去污方法，根尖方向的螺纹代表了具有最高 PRS 的区域。
螺纹几何形状影响去污装置的进入，从而影响其效果。螺距和螺纹深度值较低的种植体似乎残留染色较少。
临床医生必须意识到螺纹几何形状对去污效果的重要性。
