The School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
The James Hutton Institute, Invergowie, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 10;15(11):e0230541. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230541. eCollection 2020.
The development of insecticide-resistance mechanisms in aphids has been associated with inhibitory, pleiotropic fitness costs. Such fitness costs have not yet been examined in the UK's most damaging cereal aphid, Sitobion avenae (grain aphid) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). This study aimed to evaluate the fitness trade-offs of the insecticide-resistant S. avenae clone versus an insecticide-susceptible S. avenae clone. Additionally, the parasitoid, Aphidius ervi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), was introduced to examine its potential as a biological control agent. This study found that insecticide-resistant clones had significantly lower population growth and individual relative growth rate. Furthermore, insecticide-resistant clones suffered from a significantly greater rate of parasitisation (mummification) compared to their insecticide-susceptible counterparts. The successfulness of the parasitoid as a biological control agent could prevent the spread of the insecticide-resistant genotype. However, for this to be possible, insecticide spraying regimes need to be moderated, and habitat modification and parasitoid manipulation must be considered.
昆虫抗药性机制的发展与抑制性、多效性适应代价有关。在英国最具破坏性的谷类蚜虫——燕麦蚜（半翅目：蚜科）中，尚未对这种适应代价进行研究。本研究旨在评估抗药性的燕麦蚜克隆与敏感性的燕麦蚜克隆之间的适应代价权衡。此外，引入了寄生蜂——玉米蚜茧蜂（膜翅目：茧蜂科），以检验其作为生物防治剂的潜力。本研究发现，抗药性克隆的种群增长率和个体相对增长率显著降低。此外，与敏感性克隆相比，抗药性克隆的被寄生率（木乃伊化）显著增加。作为生物防治剂的寄生蜂的成功可能会阻止抗药性基因型的传播。然而，要实现这一点，需要适度使用杀虫剂喷雾方案，并考虑栖息地的改变和寄生蜂的操纵。
