Di Santo Simona Gabriella, Franchini Flaminia, Filiputti Beatrice, Martone Angela, Sannino Serena
Laboratory-Service of Epidemiology and Clinical Research (LASERC), IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy.
Department of Systems Medicine, Università degli Studi di Roma 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Oct 14;11:578628. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.578628. eCollection 2020.
The lockdown strategies adopted to limit the spread of COVID-19 infection may lead to adopt unhealthy lifestyles which may impact on the mental well-being and future risk of dementia. Older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may suffer important mental health consequences from measures of quarantine and confinement. The study aimed to explore the effects of COVID-19 and quarantine measures on lifestyles and mental health of elderly at increased risk of dementia. One hundred and twenty six community-dwelling seniors with MCI or SCD were phone-interviewed and assessed with questions regarding variables related to COVID-19 pandemic, lifestyle changes and scales validated for the assessment of depression, anxiety, and apathy. The sample included 55.6% patients with MCI and 56 people with SCD. Over 1/3 of the sample reduced their physical activity and nearly 70% reported an increase in idle time. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreased in almost 1/3 of respondents and over 35% reported weight gain. Social activities were abolished and 1/6 of participants also decreased productive and mental-stimulating activities. 19.8% were depressed, 9.5% anxious, and 9.5% apathetic. A significant association existed between depression and living alone or having a poor relation with cohabitants and between anxiety and SCD, cold or flu symptoms, and reduction in productive leisure activities. Seniors with SCD and MCI underwent lifestyle changes that are potentially harmful to their future cognitive decline, even if, with the exception of leisure activities, they do not appear to be cross-sectionally associated with psychiatric symptoms.
为限制新冠病毒感染传播而采取的封锁策略可能导致人们采取不健康的生活方式，这可能会影响心理健康以及未来患痴呆症的风险。患有轻度认知障碍（MCI）或主观认知下降（SCD）的老年人可能会因隔离和禁闭措施而遭受重大的心理健康后果。这项研究旨在探讨新冠病毒及隔离措施对有患痴呆症高风险老年人的生活方式和心理健康的影响。对126名患有MCI或SCD的社区居住老年人进行了电话访谈，并就与新冠疫情、生活方式变化相关的变量以及经验证可用于评估抑郁、焦虑和冷漠的量表进行了评估。样本包括55.6%的MCI患者和56名SCD患者。超过三分之一的样本减少了身体活动，近70%的人表示空闲时间增加。近三分之一的受访者坚持地中海饮食的情况减少，超过35%的人报告体重增加。社交活动被取消，六分之一的参与者还减少了生产性和智力刺激活动。19.8%的人抑郁，9.5%的人焦虑，9.5%的人冷漠。抑郁与独居或与同居者关系不佳之间以及焦虑与SCD、感冒或流感症状以及生产性休闲活动减少之间存在显著关联。患有SCD和MCI的老年人经历了可能对其未来认知衰退有害的生活方式变化，即使除休闲活动外，这些变化在横断面研究中似乎与精神症状无关。
