Oska Sandra R, Chaiyasate Kongkrit, Lu Stephen M
Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Mich.
William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Mich.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2020 Oct 22;8(10):e3128. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000003128. eCollection 2020 Oct.
Over 30 million people in the United States play golf, which, while considered a low-impact sport, involves balls and clubs moving >100 miles/h (>160.93 km/h), creating potential for a significant facial trauma. The objective of this study was to characterize the epidemiology of golf-related facial fractures in the United States.
The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, which records injuries from approximately 100 US emergency departments, was queried for golf-related facial fractures from 2009 to 2018. Entries were tabulated for mechanism of injury and fracture location. Age, gender, seasonality of injury, type of fracture, and injury mechanism were analyzed using SPSS. Because of the different nature and management of pediatric fractures, we looked at pediatric patients as a distinct subgroup.
There were 114 reported cases of golf-related craniofacial fractures in patients 2-91 years of age with male predominance (73.7%). This rate extrapolates to an estimated 3,850 ED presentations. Although accounting for about 10% of total players, patients under 18, commonly referred to as "junior golfers," comprised 55.3% of the cohort. Nasal fractures (25.4%), skull fractures (23.7%), unspecified facial fractures (17.5%), and mandible fractures (10.5%) predominated, which most commonly result from clubs (63.2%), balls (23.7%), and falls (11.4%).
Facial fractures resulting from golf clubs and balls may not be as common as in other traditionally identified "high-impact sports," but they affect pediatric patients disproportionately and with a greater morbidity. Parents and children engaging the sport should be aware of the risk of head trauma, especially with any form of off-course participation.
在美国，超过3000万人打高尔夫球。虽然高尔夫被认为是一项低冲击力的运动，但球和球杆的移动速度超过每小时100英里（>160.93公里/小时），这就造成了严重面部创伤的可能性。本研究的目的是描述美国高尔夫相关面部骨折的流行病学特征。
查询国家电子伤害监测系统，该系统记录了美国约100家急诊科的伤害情况，以获取2009年至2018年与高尔夫相关的面部骨折信息。将条目按损伤机制和骨折部位进行列表。使用SPSS分析年龄、性别、损伤的季节性、骨折类型和损伤机制。由于儿童骨折的性质和处理方式不同，我们将儿科患者作为一个独立的亚组进行研究。
报告了114例2至91岁与高尔夫相关的颅面骨折病例，男性占主导（73.7%）。这个比率推算出估计有3850例急诊就诊病例。虽然18岁以下的患者约占总球员的10%，但通常被称为“青少年高尔夫球手”的18岁以下患者占该队列的55.3%。鼻骨骨折（25.4%）、颅骨骨折（23.7%）、未明确的面部骨折（17.5%）和下颌骨骨折（10.5%）占主导，这些骨折最常见的原因是球杆（63.2%）、球（23.7%）和跌倒（11.4%）。
高尔夫球杆和球导致的面部骨折可能不像其他传统认定的“高冲击力运动”那样常见，但它们对儿科患者的影响不成比例且发病率更高。参与这项运动的家长和孩子应该意识到头部创伤的风险，尤其是任何形式的场外参与。
