巴基斯坦在法医牙科学和牙科记录领域的地位。

Pakistan's position in the world of forensic odontology and dental records.

作者信息

Shah Syed F M, Shoro S, Manica S

机构信息

Centre for Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Scotland, UK.

出版信息

J Forensic Odontostomatol. 2020 Sep 30;38(2):47-56.

PMID:33174537

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8559900/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Forensic Odontology (FO) still strives for recognition in some countries such as Pakistan. Natural and man-made disasters, along with child abuse cases and age estimation for child marriages and juvenile imprisonments in Pakistan justify its applicability.

AIMS

This study investigated the awareness, information, training, practice and interest in FO in dental professionals in Pakistan. Another aim was to design tools to deliver primary knowledge about FO and emphasize the importance of dental records.

METHODOLOGY

A 10 question paper-based survey was distributed among 560 dental professionals and postgraduates of 14 public dental institutes/hospitals in Pakistan. The results were quantitatively analyzed by graphs using Microsoft Excel (version 16.22). An educational video and an information leaflet were produced after the survey was undertaken to explain the scope of FO and the importance of dental records respectively.

RESULTS

476 dentists (51%♀, 49 %♂) aged 20 - 50+ years responded and 98.53% confirmed that FO was not taught in the dental schools. 66% were aware of the field and 62% were only informed. 99% were not trained and 89.7% were not working in this field; however, 89% were interested in training within Pakistan. Considering dental charts, 60.92% do not produce detailed charts but 55% maintain them and the majority do so manually. Radiographs were the most stored type.

CONCLUSIONS

Most dentists are aware of the existence of FO, but they need to acknowledge the significance of dental record keeping and encourage implementation of FO. Regardless of the absence of any governing body for FO and negligible education, training and implementation in Pakistan, this field is gradually progressing. The authorities should introduce detailed guidelines for recording, managing and storing dental records. They should ensure the future acknowledgement of this subject in the education system and assign forensic odontologists to the Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) team.

摘要

背景

在巴基斯坦等一些国家，法医牙科学（FO）仍在努力争取获得认可。巴基斯坦的自然和人为灾害、虐待儿童案件以及童婚和少年监禁中的年龄估计，证明了其适用性。

目的

本研究调查了巴基斯坦牙科专业人员对法医牙科学的认识、信息、培训、实践和兴趣。另一个目的是设计工具，以传授关于法医牙科学的基础知识，并强调牙科记录的重要性。

方法

在巴基斯坦14所公立牙科机构/医院的560名牙科专业人员和研究生中发放了一份包含10个问题的纸质调查问卷。使用Microsoft Excel（版本16.22）通过图表对结果进行定量分析。在调查完成后制作了一个教育视频和一份信息传单，分别解释法医牙科学的范围和牙科记录的重要性。

结果

476名年龄在20至50岁以上的牙医（51%为女性，49%为男性）做出了回应，98.53%的人证实牙科学校没有教授法医牙科学。66%的人了解该领域，62%的人只是听说过。99%的人没有接受过培训，89.7%的人没有从事该领域的工作；然而，89%的人有兴趣在巴基斯坦接受培训。考虑到牙科图表，60.92%的人不制作详细图表，但55%的人会保存图表，而且大多数是手动保存。X光片是保存最多的类型。

结论

大多数牙医知道法医牙科学的存在，但他们需要认识到保存牙科记录的重要性，并鼓励实施法医牙科学。尽管巴基斯坦没有法医牙科学的管理机构，且该领域的教育、培训和实施微不足道，但该领域正在逐步发展。当局应出台关于记录、管理和存储牙科记录的详细指南。他们应确保该学科在教育系统中得到未来的认可，并为灾难受害者身份识别（DVI）团队分配法医牙科学专家。