Sorokan Antonina, Cherepanova Ekaterina, Burkhanova Guzel, Veselova Svetlana, Rumyantsev Sergey, Alekseev Valentin, Mardanshin Ildar, Sarvarova Elena, Khairullin Ramil, Benkovskaya Galina, Maksimov Igor
Laboratory of Biochemistry of Plant Immunity, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia.
Laboratory of Genomics of Plants, Ufa Federal Research Center, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Oct 15;11:569457. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.569457. eCollection 2020.
Viral diseases and their damage causing significant loss to economically important crops have increased by several folds during the last decade. All the conventional approaches are not able to eradicate the viral infection. Therefore, there is a need to look for efficient and eco-friendly viral disease-preventive measures. The genomic material of the majority of deleterious viruses of higher plants is RNA. One of the possible measures to control viruses is the use of ribonucleases (RNases), which can cleave RNA in the viral genome. Based on this, we investigated the RNase activity of endophytic spp., which can enrich in 10-10 colony-forming units per gram of wet mass of aboveground part of potato plants. A high level of RNase activity was observed in the culture medium of B-6066, sp. STL-7, sp. TS2, and 26D. B-5351 had low RNase activity but high ability to colonize internal plant tissues, sp. STL-7 with high RNase activity have relatively low number of cells in internal tissues of plants. B-6066, 26D, and sp. TS stimulate RNase activity in potato plants for a long time after application. Strains with high ability to colonize internal plant tissues combined with high RNase activity reduced severity of viral diseases symptoms on plants and reduced the incidence of potato viruses M, S, and Y. It is worth noting that spp. under investigation reduced the number of Say. egg clusters and larvae on treated plants and showed antifeedant activity. This results in increase of potato productivity mainly in the fraction of major tubers. 26D and sp. TS2 combining endophytic lifestyle, RNase, and antifeedant activity may become the basis for the development of biocontrol agents for plant protection.
在过去十年中，病毒性疾病及其造成的损害给经济上重要的作物带来了巨大损失，其发生率增长了数倍。所有传统方法都无法根除病毒感染。因此，需要寻找高效且环保的病毒性疾病预防措施。大多数高等植物有害病毒的基因组物质是RNA。控制病毒的一种可能措施是使用核糖核酸酶（RNase），它可以切割病毒基因组中的RNA。基于此，我们研究了内生菌的RNase活性，内生菌在每克马铃薯植株地上部分湿重中可富集10-10个菌落形成单位。在B-6066、STL-7菌、TS2菌和26D菌的培养基中观察到高水平的RNase活性。B-5351的RNase活性较低，但在植物内部组织定殖的能力较强，具有高RNase活性的STL-7菌在植物内部组织中的细胞数量相对较少。B-6066、26D菌和TS菌在施用后很长一段时间内都能刺激马铃薯植株中的RNase活性。具有高植物内部组织定殖能力且结合高RNase活性的菌株可减轻植物上病毒性疾病症状的严重程度，并降低马铃薯病毒M、S和Y的发生率。值得注意的是，所研究的内生菌减少了处理植株上Say.卵块和幼虫的数量，并表现出拒食活性。这主要在大薯块部分提高了马铃薯的产量。26D菌和TS2菌兼具内生生活方式、RNase活性和拒食活性，可能成为开发植物保护生物防治剂的基础。
