Cortay Veronique, Delaunay Delphine, Patti Dorothée, Gautier Elodie, Doerflinger Nathalie, Giroud Pascale, Knoblauch Kenneth, Huissoud Cyril, Kennedy Henry, Dehay Colette
University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, Bron, France.
Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Oct 16;8:588814. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.588814. eCollection 2020.
The orderly radial migration of cortical neurons from their birthplace in the germinal zones to their final destination in the cortical plate is a prerequisite for the functional assembly of microcircuits in the neocortex. Rodent and primate corticogenesis differ both quantitatively and qualitatively, particularly with respect to the generation of neurons of the supragranular layers. Marked area differences in the outer subventricular zone progenitor cell density impact the radial glia scaffold compactness which is likely to induce area differences in radial migration strategy. Here, we describe specific features of radial migration in the non-human primate, including the absence of the premigratory multipolar stage found in rodents. approaches in the embryonic macaque monkey visual cortex, show that migrating neurons destined for supragranular and infragranular layers exhibit significant differences in morphology and velocity. Migrating neurons destined for the supragranular layers show a more complex bipolar morphology and higher motility rates than do infragranular neurons. There are area differences in the gross morphology and membrane growth behavior of the tip of the leading process. In the subplate compartment migrating neurons destined for the supragranular layers of presumptive area 17 exhibit radial constrained trajectories and leading processes with filopodia, which contrast with the meandering trajectories and leading processes capped by lamellipodia observed in the migrating neurons destined for presumptive area 18. Together these results present evidence that migrating neurons may exhibit autonomy and in addition show marked area-specific differences. We hypothesize that the low motility and high radial trajectory of area 17 migrating neurons contribute to the unique structural features of this area.
皮质神经元从生发区的出生地有序地径向迁移到皮质板中的最终目的地，是新皮质中微电路功能组装的先决条件。啮齿动物和灵长类动物的皮质发生在数量和质量上都有所不同，特别是在颗粒上层神经元的产生方面。外侧脑室下区祖细胞密度的显著区域差异影响径向胶质支架的紧密性，这可能会导致径向迁移策略的区域差异。在这里，我们描述了非人类灵长类动物径向迁移的特定特征，包括在啮齿动物中不存在迁移前的多极阶段。在胚胎猕猴视觉皮层中的研究方法表明，注定要迁移到颗粒上层和颗粒下层的神经元在形态和速度上存在显著差异。注定要迁移到颗粒上层的神经元比颗粒下层神经元表现出更复杂的双极形态和更高的运动速率。领先突起尖端的总体形态和膜生长行为存在区域差异。在板下层隔室中，注定要迁移到假定区域17颗粒上层的神经元表现出径向受限的轨迹和带有丝状伪足的领先突起，这与在注定要迁移到假定区域18的神经元中观察到的蜿蜒轨迹和由片状伪足覆盖的领先突起形成对比。这些结果共同表明，迁移的神经元可能表现出自主性，并且还显示出明显的区域特异性差异。我们假设，区域17迁移神经元的低运动性和高径向轨迹促成了该区域独特的结构特征。
