Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Nov;35(21):4043-4048. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1846181. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
The ratio of boys to girls (sex ratio) at birth (SRB) is about 1.01-1.05 in most populations and is influenced by various factors, such as maternal stress, maternal inflammation, and endocrine disruption. Male fetus is biologically weaker and more vulnerable to prenatal events than female fetuses. Hence, premature death (and consequently decline the SRB) is higher in boys than girls. The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been known to have a variety of stressful and psychological impacts. This stress may consequently enhance maternal inflammation, pregnancy complication, and fetal loss. Also, male fetuses have more adverse outcomes than female fetuses among asymptomatic pregnant women with SARS-Cov-2 infection. Inasmuch as the male fetus are more vulnerable to prenatal events and premature death, it is proposed that the SRB can decline in pregnant women following the COVID-19 stress. However, future studies are needed to define the impact of the COVID-19 on SRB rate.
出生时男女性别比例（SRB）在大多数人群中约为 1.01-1.05，受多种因素影响，如母体应激、母体炎症和内分泌干扰。男性胎儿在生物学上比女性胎儿更脆弱，更容易受到产前事件的影响。因此，男孩的早产死亡率（进而导致 SRB 下降）高于女孩。最近的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已知具有多种应激和心理影响。这种压力可能会增加母体炎症、妊娠并发症和胎儿丢失。此外，在无症状感染 SARS-CoV-2 的孕妇中，男性胎儿的不良结局多于女性胎儿。由于男性胎儿更容易受到产前事件和早产的影响，因此有人提出，COVID-19 应激后孕妇的 SRB 可能会下降。然而，需要进一步的研究来确定 COVID-19 对 SRB 率的影响。
