Department of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Occup Med (Lond). 2020 Dec 12;70(8):564-569. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqaa168.
Presenteeism is an important factor in workers' health. However, few studies have examined how variables such as socio-economic status, health status, workplace status and health literacy correlate with and affect presenteeism.
To assess the correlates of presenteeism with a focus on health-related factors, work-related factors and health literacy.
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 2914 Japanese workers from one company. We used a self-administered questionnaire to assess socio-demographic characteristics, health status, work environment, presenteeism and health literacy.
Forty-one per cent of participants were under 40 years of age and 70% were male. We found that 59% of the participants were at high risk of presenteeism. Presenteeism was associated with sex, age, household income, marital status, health-related factors (i.e. self-rated health status, dietary choices, exercise habits), work-related factors (i.e. workplace support, job demands, job control) and health literacy. Logistic regression analyses indicated that presenteeism was associated with self-rated health status, overtime hours, workplace support, job demands, job control and health literacy after adjusting for sex, age and income.
Health-related factors, work-related factors and health literacy are all associated with presenteeism. Improving the workplace environment, especially factors such as overtime working hours, workplace support, job demands and job control, and increasing health literacy may reduce presenteeism among general office workers.
出勤主义是员工健康的一个重要因素。然而，很少有研究探讨社会经济地位、健康状况、工作场所状况和健康素养等变量如何与出勤主义相关联并影响出勤主义。
评估与健康相关因素、工作相关因素和健康素养相关的出勤主义的相关性。
我们对一家公司的 2914 名日本工人进行了横断面研究。我们使用自我管理问卷评估社会人口统计学特征、健康状况、工作环境、出勤主义和健康素养。
41%的参与者年龄在 40 岁以下，70%为男性。我们发现，59%的参与者有较高的出勤主义风险。出勤主义与性别、年龄、家庭收入、婚姻状况、健康相关因素（即自我评估的健康状况、饮食选择、运动习惯）、工作相关因素（即工作场所支持、工作要求、工作控制）和健康素养有关。在调整了性别、年龄和收入后，逻辑回归分析表明，出勤主义与自我评估的健康状况、加班时间、工作场所支持、工作要求、工作控制和健康素养有关。
健康相关因素、工作相关因素和健康素养都与出勤主义有关。改善工作场所环境，特别是加班时间、工作场所支持、工作要求和工作控制等因素，并提高健康素养，可能会减少一般办公室工作人员的出勤主义。
