Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 2;17(7):2419. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072419.
Presenteeism, attending work while ill, has been examined in different contexts in the last few decades. The aim was to examine whether poor psychosocial working conditions and perceived work ability are associated with increased odds ratios for presenteeism, focusing on nursing professionals and care assistants. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted. The selected individuals were extracted from representative samples of employees, aged 16-64, who participated in the Swedish Work Environment Surveys between 2001 and 2013 ( = 45,098). Three dimensions of psychosocial working conditions were measured: job demands, job control, and job support. Presenteeism and perceived work ability was measured. Using multiple logistic regression analyses, odds ratios for presenteeism with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. While nurses ( = 1716) showed the same presenteeism level as all the other occupation groups ( = 37,125), it was more common among care assistants ( = 6257). The odds ratio for presenteeism among those with high job demands (OR = 2.37, 95% CI 2.21-2.53), were higher among women than among men. For nursing professionals and care assistants, the odds ratios for presenteeism were highest among those with the lowest work ability level. The problems of presenteeism and low work ability among many health and care workers may be lessened by a reduction in psychosocial demands.
目前，人们已经在过去几十年的不同背景下研究了出勤主义（带病工作）。本研究旨在探讨较差的心理社会工作条件和感知工作能力是否与出勤主义的比值增加有关，重点关注护理专业人员和护理助理。本研究采用了横断面人群基础研究。从参加了 2001 年至 2013 年瑞典工作环境调查的年龄在 16-64 岁的员工代表性样本中提取了选定的个体（=45098）。测量了三个心理社会工作条件维度：工作需求、工作控制和工作支持。同时还测量了出勤主义和感知工作能力。使用多变量逻辑回归分析，估计了比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。虽然护士（=1716）的出勤水平与其他所有职业群体（=37125）相同，但护理助理（=6257）的出勤水平更高。高工作需求（OR=2.37，95%CI 2.21-2.53）的人出现出勤主义的可能性更高，女性比男性更高。对于护理专业人员和护理助理，工作能力最低的人出现出勤主义的可能性最高。通过减少心理社会需求，可能会减轻许多卫生和护理工作者的出勤主义和工作能力低下问题。
