Departamento de Psicología, Sociología y Filosofía, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain.
Cátedra Envejecimiento en Todas las Edades, 24071 León, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 10;17(22):8317. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228317.
: The literature favors discussion on socio-spatial conditions at the macro- (city) and micro- (housing) level that promote healthy aging in place. Objectives: (a) Identify the association between physical and social characteristics of the family home and the functional level and quality of life of older people and (b) provide normative data on adequate/inadequate households based on the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) inventory and the Spanish Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (S-IQCODE) test. : In total, 79 healthy older adults completed the HOME inventory and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), S-IQCODE, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) and ICEpop CAPability measure for Older people (ICECAP-O) tests. A regression model, the effect size and the means of the scores of HOME (adequate/inadequate) test and the cognitive level (optimal/normal) were calculated. : The regression model discloses that adequate home scores are associated with cognitive level (odds ratio (OR): 0.955, confidence interval (CI)95%: 0.918-0.955); quality of life (OR: 6.542, CI95%: 1.750-24.457), living with other people (OR: 5.753, CI95%: 1.456-22.733) and level of education (OR: 0.252, CI95%: 0.064-0.991). The normative data between HOME and S-IQCODE scores showed a good adjustment (d = 0.70). : There is a significant relationship between the physical environment of the home and personal variables (sociodemographic information, quality of life and cognitive functionality). In addition, from this last variable, the normative data of an adequate/inadequate household for an older person have been established.
文献支持关于促进就地健康老龄化的宏观（城市）和微观（住房）层面的社会空间条件的讨论。目的：（a）确定家庭住宅的物理和社会特征与老年人的功能水平和生活质量之间的关系；（b）根据家庭环境观察量表（HOME）清单和西班牙老年人认知衰退知情者问卷（S-IQCODE）测试，提供关于适当/不适当家庭的规范数据。共有 79 名健康老年人完成了 HOME 清单和蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）、S-IQCODE、凯斯勒心理困扰量表（K-10）和老年人 ICEpop 能力测量（ICECAP-O）测试。计算 HOME（适当/不适当）测试和认知水平（最佳/正常）的得分的回归模型、效应大小和平均值。回归模型揭示，适当的家庭得分与认知水平（优势比（OR）：0.955，95%置信区间（CI）：0.918-0.955）、生活质量（OR：6.542，95%CI：1.750-24.457）、与他人同住（OR：5.753，95%CI：1.456-22.733）和教育水平（OR：0.252，95%CI：0.064-0.991）相关。HOME 和 S-IQCODE 得分之间的规范数据显示出良好的调整（d = 0.70）。家庭的物理环境与个人变量（社会人口统计学信息、生活质量和认知功能）之间存在显著关系。此外，从最后一个变量中，为老年人确定了适当/不适当家庭的规范数据。
