Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2020 Dec;40:156-163. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.032. Epub 2020 Oct 14.
Although the relationship between a Mediterranean diet (Med diet) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors has been widely established, no reports exist regarding this association in patients with Diabetes Nephropathy (DN). The aim of this study was to determine the association between level of adherence to a Med diet and renal and CVD risk factors among patients with DN.
A cross-sectional study.
The current study was conducted in 270 patients with DN. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake. The Med diet score was determined based on the eight characteristics of a traditional Med diet. Anthropometrics, fasting blood glucose (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-c), triacylglycerol (TG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were detected using standard methods. Kidney function was estimated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
In fully-adjusted models, high serum TC and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were reduced in participants that demonstrated a greater adherence to a Med diet, but did not reach statistical significance (OR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.01, 5.52; P = 0.299; OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.28, 2.36; P = 0.667). Waist circumference (WC) was non-significantly lower in male participants (OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.27, 3.05; P = 0.889). Greater compliance with a Med diet showed a non-significant reduced risk for increased bodyweight (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.23, 2.85; P = 0.730) and obesity (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.03, 6.06; P = 0.493).
Adherence to a Med diet was not significantly associated with cardiovascular risk factors and renal function among patients with Diabetes Nephropathy.
尽管地中海饮食（Med 饮食）与心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素之间的关系已得到广泛证实，但尚无关于糖尿病肾病（DN）患者中这种关联的报告。本研究旨在确定 DN 患者中 Med 饮食依从程度与肾脏和 CVD 风险因素之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究。
本研究纳入了 270 名 DN 患者。采用经过验证的食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入情况。根据传统 Med 饮食的 8 个特征确定 Med 饮食评分。采用标准方法检测人体测量学、空腹血糖（FBS）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、三酰甘油（TG）、糖化血红蛋白 A1C（HbA1c）、肌酐（Cr）和血尿素氮（BUN）。使用改良肾脏病饮食研究（MDRD）公式估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR）来评估肾功能。
在完全调整后的模型中，较高的血清 TC 和舒张压（DBP）在依从 Med 饮食程度较高的患者中降低，但未达到统计学意义（OR：0.20；95%CI：0.01，5.52；P=0.299；OR：0.81；95%CI：0.28，2.36；P=0.667）。男性患者的腰围（WC）显著降低（OR：0.91；95%CI：0.27，3.05；P=0.889）。更高的 Med 饮食依从性显示出体重增加（OR：0.82；95%CI：0.23，2.85；P=0.730）和肥胖（OR：0.45；95%CI：0.03，6.06；P=0.493）的风险降低，但无统计学意义。
DN 患者的 Med 饮食依从性与心血管风险因素和肾功能无显著相关性。
