Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, 1825 4th Street Room M2369, Box 4066, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Surg Pathol Clin. 2020 Dec;13(4):601-623. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2020.09.002.
Malignant primary liver tumors are rare in children. Yet a wide histologic spectrum is seen, particularly in hepatoblastoma, the most common malignant liver tumor in children. Furthermore, there can be significant morphologic overlap with hepatocellular carcinoma, the second most common pediatric liver malignancy, and tumors with hybrid features of hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma are also reported (currently placed in the provisional category of malignant hepatocellular neoplasm, not otherwise specified). This review provides detailed morphologic descriptions and updates in the evolving clinical context of these tumors, and presents recent molecular advances that may further help in accurate classification of these tumors, which is critical in their management.
儿童原发性肝脏恶性肿瘤较为罕见。然而,在肝母细胞瘤中可以观察到广泛的组织学谱,这是儿童最常见的恶性肝脏肿瘤。此外,它与肝细胞癌有很大的形态学重叠,后者是儿童第二常见的肝脏恶性肿瘤,也有报道称具有肝母细胞瘤和肝细胞癌混合特征的肿瘤(目前被归类为暂定的恶性肝细胞肿瘤,未特指)。这篇综述提供了这些肿瘤在不断发展的临床背景下的详细形态描述和最新进展,并介绍了最近的分子进展,这可能有助于更准确地对这些肿瘤进行分类,这对它们的治疗至关重要。