Zhang L J, Zhu H Q, Wang Q, Lü S, Xu J, Li S Z
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China.
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2020 Oct 21;32(5):464-468. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2020242.
To evaluate the impact of the flood disaster on schistosomiasis transmission along the Yangtze River basin in 2020, so as to provide insights into schistosomiasis prevention and control in flood-affected areas.
The data pertaining to the endemic situation of schistosomiasis were collected from 5 provinces of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu from 2013 to 2019, including infections in humans and livestock and snail distribution, and the warning water levels and actual water status were collected in water regions locating in these 5 provinces. The cumulative numbers of egg-positive individuals and bovines during the period from 2013 to 2019, the area of snail habitats in 2019 and the water level on July 12, 2020 were estimated at a county level and employed as parameters for classification of schistosomiasis transmission risk. Then, the cumulative value of each risk index was calculated to assess the risk of schistosomiasis transmission risk.
After the flood disaster along the Yangtze River basin in 2020, there were 10, 5 and 9 counties (districts) at high risk of schistosomiasis transmission in 5 provinces of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu based on number of egg-positive individuals, number of egg-positive bovines and snail distribution, respectively. Based on comprehensive risk indices, there were 10 (8 in Dongting Lake regions of Hunan Province and 2 in Poyang Lake regions of Jiangxi Province) and 15 counties (districts) (4 in Hubei Province, 7 in Hunan Province and 4 in Jiangxi Province) identified at grades 5 and 4 risk of schistosomiasis transmission.
Dongting Lake regions and Poyang Lake regions are the most severely flood-affected schistosomiasis-endemic foci of China in 2020, and the flood disaster may facilitate the transmission of schistosomiasis in affected areas. Therefore, schistosomiasis control requires to be intensified after the flood disaster to prevent the rebound of the disease.
评估2020年洪涝灾害对长江流域血吸虫病传播的影响，为洪涝灾区血吸虫病的防治提供依据。
收集2013 - 2019年湖南、湖北、江西、安徽和江苏5省的血吸虫病疫情数据，包括人畜感染情况和钉螺分布情况，并收集这5省水域的警戒水位和实际水位。估算2013 - 2019年期间各县虫卵阳性人数和牛的累计数量、2019年钉螺栖息地面积以及2020年7月12日的水位，并将其作为血吸虫病传播风险分类的参数。然后计算各风险指数的累计值，以评估血吸虫病传播风险。
2020年长江流域发生洪涝灾害后，基于虫卵阳性人数、虫卵阳性牛数量和钉螺分布情况，湖南、湖北、江西、安徽和江苏5省分别有10个、5个和9个县（区）血吸虫病传播风险高。基于综合风险指数，有10个县（区）（湖南省洞庭湖地区8个，江西省鄱阳湖地区2个）和15个县（区）（湖北省4个，湖南省7个，江西省4个）被确定为血吸虫病传播风险5级和4级。
洞庭湖地区和鄱阳湖地区是2020年中国受洪涝灾害影响最严重的血吸虫病流行区，洪涝灾害可能会促进血吸虫病在受灾地区的传播。因此，洪涝灾害后需要加强血吸虫病防治工作，防止疫情反弹。
