Ebeling K, Nischan P
Zentralinstitut für Krebsforschung, Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Robert-Rössle-Institut, Berlin-Buch.
Arch Geschwulstforsch. 1987;57(5):401-16.
Cervical cancer behaves epidemiologically like a venereal disease of low infectiousness. Early age at first intercourse and multiple sexual partners have been shown to exert strong effects on risk. There are wide differences in the incidence between different countries also influenced by the introduction of screening. Although the general picture remains one of decreasing incidence and mortality, there are signs of an increasing cervical cancer risk probably due to changes in sexual behavior. HSV 2 infection could not be confirmed to play the anticipated role in the aetiology of cervical cancer. Smoking and HPV 16/18 are currently important issues in a concept of multifactorial, stepwise carcinogenesis at the cervix uteri.
宫颈癌在流行病学上表现得像一种传染性较低的性病。首次性交年龄早和性伴侣多已被证明对风险有很大影响。不同国家之间的发病率存在很大差异，这也受到筛查引入的影响。尽管总体情况仍然是发病率和死亡率在下降，但有迹象表明宫颈癌风险在增加，这可能是由于性行为的变化。无法证实单纯疱疹病毒2型感染在宫颈癌病因学中发挥预期作用。吸烟和人乳头瘤病毒16/18型目前是子宫颈多因素、逐步致癌概念中的重要问题。
