Design of Environmental Processes Laboratory, School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, 73100, Greece.
Design of Environmental Processes Laboratory, School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, 73100, Greece.
Chemosphere. 2021 Apr;269:128688. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128688. Epub 2020 Oct 23.
Landfill Gas (LFG) is a renewable energy resource. LFG quality and production rate are determined factors for the selection of the optimal technology for electric energy production. Environmental legislation, flue gas emissions, carbon footprint and maturity of technology should also be considered. The most common process for electric energy production from LFG is by Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs), which require approximately 40% minimum methane concentration. Microturbines have been also employed for electric energy production from LFG, requiring minimum methane concentration of approximately 35%. On the other hand, a relatively novel process, Gradual Oxidation (GO), can produce electric energy from LFG at methane concentrations as low as 1.5%. The present study examines the applicability of the above technologies for electric energy production from LFG, from various cells, at the landfill of Heraklion, Crete, Greece, from an economic point of view. The LandGEM (EPA) simulation model has been modified to account for the long them reduction of methane concentration in LFG, and has been adjusted, based on field measurements. The Net Present Values (NPVs) (for 15-years and 25-years from installation) for three distinct scenarios, with total electric energy production capacity of 800 kW, per scenario (using just ICEs, combination of ICE and GO or just microturbines), were calculated. The results indicated that the most profitable scenario (among the ones studied) was the one with the use of two microturbines with capacity 400 kW, each, yielding 15-years and 25-yeasr NPVs of 2.68 and 3.69 M€, respectively, for initial capital investment of 2.24 M€.
垃圾填埋气 (LFG) 是一种可再生能源。LFG 的质量和产量是选择最佳电能生产技术的决定因素。环境法规、废气排放、碳足迹和技术成熟度也应加以考虑。从 LFG 中生产电能最常见的工艺是使用内燃机 (ICE)，其需要大约 40%的最小甲烷浓度。微燃气轮机也已用于从 LFG 中生产电能，其需要大约 35%的最小甲烷浓度。另一方面，一种相对较新的工艺——逐渐氧化 (GO)，可以在甲烷浓度低至 1.5%的情况下从 LFG 中产生电能。本研究从经济角度研究了上述技术在希腊克里特岛赫拉克利翁垃圾填埋场从各种电池中生产电能的适用性。LandGEM（EPA）模拟模型已进行了修改，以考虑 LFG 中甲烷浓度的长期降低，并根据现场测量进行了调整。三个不同场景的净现值 (NPV)（安装后 15 年和 25 年），每个场景的总电能生产能力为 800kW（仅使用 ICE、ICE 和 GO 的组合或仅使用微燃气轮机）。结果表明，最有利可图的场景（在所研究的场景中）是使用两个容量为 400kW 的微燃气轮机，每个场景的 15 年和 25 年 NPV 分别为 2.68 和 3.69M€，初始投资为 2.24M€。
