Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
Environ Res. 2021 Jul;198:110466. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110466. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
The effects of microplastics (MPs) on aquaculture animals have raised increasing concern, but studies on MPs contamination in cultured shrimp are still limited. Therefore, the responses of three widely farmed shrimp species to MPs, including Penaeus monodon (P. monodon), Marsupenaeus japonicas (M. japonicus) and Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei), were investigated in this study. The results showed that the mortality of P. monodon, M. japonicus and L. vannamei were 47%, 53% and 20% respectively after 48 h of 300 mg/L MPs exposure. After 48 h of 100 mg/L MPs exposure, for P. monodon, the MPs content in water and excreta were significantly different from that in M. japonicus and L. vannamei. For genes expressions, the expression of catalase (Cat) was significantly increased and the expression of apoptosis protein (IAP) was inhibited in these three shrimps, but only the expression of Lysozyme (Lys) was increased in L. vannamei after MPs exposure. After 48 h of depuration, the Cat and IAP expression of P. monodon and M. japonicus was significant decreased while the IAP and Lys expression of L. vannamei still maintained at a high level. The results suggested that the metabolic rate of MPs in P. monodon was significantly higher than that in M. japonicus and L. vannamei. The tolerance of L. vannamei to MPs was higher than that of P. monodon and M. japonicas and their different responses in anti-microbial gene might be one of the reasons for the difference of their mortality. This study provides the first report comparing the organism response distinction in cultured shrimp and enriching to the understanding of the impact of MPs on ecosystem.
微塑料（MPs）对水产养殖动物的影响引起了越来越多的关注，但关于养殖虾中 MPs 污染的研究仍然有限。因此，本研究调查了三种广泛养殖的虾类对 MPs 的反应，包括斑节对虾（P. monodon）、日本沼虾（M. japonicus）和凡纳滨对虾（L. vannamei）。结果表明，暴露于 300mg/L MPs 48 小时后，斑节对虾、日本沼虾和凡纳滨对虾的死亡率分别为 47%、53%和 20%。暴露于 100mg/L MPs 48 小时后，对于斑节对虾，水中和排泄物中的 MPs 含量与日本沼虾和凡纳滨对虾明显不同。对于基因表达，这三种虾的过氧化氢酶（Cat）表达显著增加，凋亡蛋白（IAP）表达受到抑制，但只有凡纳滨对虾的溶菌酶（Lys）表达增加。经过 48 小时的净化，斑节对虾和日本沼虾的 Cat 和 IAP 表达显著降低，而凡纳滨对虾的 IAP 和 Lys 表达仍维持在较高水平。结果表明，斑节对虾 MPs 的代谢率明显高于日本沼虾和凡纳滨对虾。凡纳滨对虾对 MPs 的耐受性高于斑节对虾和日本沼虾，它们在抗菌基因中的不同反应可能是其死亡率差异的原因之一。本研究首次比较了养殖虾中生物体反应的差异，丰富了对 MPs 对生态系统影响的认识。
