Isacco Laurie, Ennequin Gaël, Boisseau Nathalie
EA3920 Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases and Exercise Performance Health Innovation Platform, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Front Physiol. 2020 Oct 22;11:585137. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.585137. eCollection 2020.
Independent of total body fat mass, predominant upper body fat mass distribution is strongly associated with cardio-metabolic comorbidities. However, the mechanisms underlying fat mass localization are not fully understood. Although a large body of evidence indicates sex-specific fat mass distribution, women are still excluded from many physiological studies and their specific features have been investigated only in few studies. Moreover, endurance exercise is an effective strategy for improving fat oxidation, suggesting that regular endurance exercise could contribute to the management of body composition and metabolic health. However, no firm conclusion has been reached on the effect of fat mass localization on fat oxidation during endurance exercise. By analyzing the available literature, this review wants to determine the effect of fat mass localization on fat oxidation rate during endurance exercise in women, and to identify future research directions to advance our knowledge on this topic. Despite a relatively limited level of evidence, the analyzed studies indicate that fat oxidation during endurance exercise is higher in women with lower upper-to-lower-body fat mass ratio than in women with higher upper-to-lower-body fat mass ratio. Interestingly, obesity may blunt the specific effect of upper and lower body fat mass distribution on fat oxidation observed in women with normal weight during endurance exercise. Studying and understanding the physiological responses of women to exercise are essential to develop appropriate physical activity strategies and ultimately to improve the prevention and treatment of cardio-metabolic diseases.
独立于总体脂肪量之外，上身脂肪量占主导的分布与心血管代谢合并症密切相关。然而，脂肪量定位的潜在机制尚未完全明确。尽管大量证据表明存在性别特异性的脂肪量分布，但许多生理学研究仍将女性排除在外，且仅有少数研究对其特定特征进行了调查。此外，耐力运动是改善脂肪氧化的有效策略，这表明定期进行耐力运动有助于身体成分管理和代谢健康。然而，关于耐力运动期间脂肪量定位对脂肪氧化的影响尚未得出确切结论。通过分析现有文献，本综述旨在确定耐力运动期间脂肪量定位对女性脂肪氧化率的影响，并确定未来的研究方向，以增进我们对该主题的了解。尽管证据水平相对有限，但分析的研究表明，耐力运动期间，上身与下身脂肪量比率较低的女性比上身与下身脂肪量比率较高的女性脂肪氧化更高。有趣的是，肥胖可能会削弱在耐力运动期间体重正常的女性中观察到的上身和下身脂肪量分布对脂肪氧化的特定影响。研究和了解女性对运动的生理反应对于制定适当的体育活动策略并最终改善心血管代谢疾病的预防和治疗至关重要。
