Wen Juan, Yu Guiling, Kong Yan, Liu Furong, Wei Holly
School of Nursing of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Int J Nurs Sci. 2020 Jul 20;7(4):419-426. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.07.008. eCollection 2020 Oct 10.
To explore the factors affecting breastfeeding behaviors in women after cesarean section.
This is a qualitative study that used a phenomenological approach. This study used individual face-to-face interviews with 19 women who underwent a cesarean section in a Women and Children's Hospital in China between July to September 2019. Information saturation was used to determine sample size. Data were analyzed using a thematic content analysis method. Themes were developed based on the theory of planned behavior.
Thirteen (68.42%) had a planned cesarean section, and six (31.58%) cesarean sections were unplanned or emergent. Three major themes emerged: ambivalent attitude about breastfeeding, motivation to comply with the traditional cultural norms, and barriers and challenges. The motivating factors for breastfeeding after cesarean sections included perceived benefits of human milk, support from healthcare professionals, and responsibility for breastfeeding. The challenges for breastfeeding after cesarean sections included physical discomfort, knowledge and skills deficit of breastfeeding, lactation deficiency, and lack of knowledge and coping skills in managing their depressive mood after cesarean sections. There were a couple of neutral factors, such as the influences of family and peers. These factors could influence women either positively as facilitators or negatively as barriers.
The findings can offer valuable information for healthcare professionals to help women breastfeed after cesarean sections. To promote women's breastfeeding behaviors after cesarean sections, it is necessary to change women's attitudes, belief systems, and the external environments and help them become more confident.
探讨剖宫产术后女性母乳喂养行为的影响因素。
这是一项采用现象学方法的定性研究。本研究对2019年7月至9月在中国一家妇幼医院接受剖宫产的19名女性进行了个人面对面访谈。采用信息饱和法确定样本量。数据采用主题内容分析法进行分析。主题基于计划行为理论构建。
13例（68.42%）为计划剖宫产，6例（31.58%）为非计划或急诊剖宫产。出现了三个主要主题：对母乳喂养的矛盾态度、遵守传统文化规范的动机以及障碍和挑战。剖宫产术后母乳喂养的促进因素包括对母乳益处的认知、医护人员的支持以及母乳喂养的责任感。剖宫产术后母乳喂养的挑战包括身体不适、母乳喂养知识和技能不足、泌乳不足以及剖宫产术后应对抑郁情绪的知识和技能缺乏。还有一些中性因素，如家庭和同伴的影响。这些因素既可能作为促进因素对女性产生积极影响，也可能作为障碍产生消极影响。
研究结果可为医护人员提供有价值的信息，以帮助剖宫产术后的女性进行母乳喂养。为促进剖宫产术后女性的母乳喂养行为，有必要改变女性的态度、信念体系以及外部环境，并帮助她们增强信心。
